Sichewo Petronillah R, Michel Anita L, Musoke Jolly, Etter Eric M C
Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Bovine Tuberculosis and Brucellosis Research Programme, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, Pretoria, South Africa.
Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources Management and Agriculture, Midlands State University, P. Bag 9055, Gweru, Midlands 00263, Zimbabwe.
Pathogens. 2019 Jul 14;8(3):101. doi: 10.3390/pathogens8030101.
A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the risk factors associated with zoonotic tuberculosis in humans and its transmission to people living at the wildlife-livestock-human interface. A questionnaire was administered to collect information on food consumption habits, food handling practices, and knowledge of zoonotic TB. Sputum samples were also collected from 150 individuals that belonged to households of cattle farmers with or without a bTB infected herd. In addition, 30 milk samples and 99 nasal swabs were randomly collected from cattle in bTB infected herds for isolation of (). The sputum samples were screened for TB using the GeneXpert test and this was followed by mycobacterial culture and speciation using molecular techniques. No was isolated from TB positive sputum samples and only one sample was confirmed as (). was isolated from 6.6% (n = 2/30) milk samples and 9% (n = 9/99) of nasal swabs. Ownership of a bTB infected herd and consumption of milk were recognized as highly significant risk factors associated with a history of TB in the household using multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and logistic regression. The findings from this study have confirmed the potential for zoonotic TB transmission via both unpasteurized milk and aerosol thus, the role of in human TB remains a concern for vulnerable communities.
开展了一项横断面研究，以调查与人类人畜共患结核病相关的风险因素及其向生活在野生动物-家畜-人类界面的人群的传播情况。通过问卷调查收集有关食物消费习惯、食物处理方式以及人畜共患结核病知识的信息。还从150名个体中采集了痰液样本，这些个体来自有或没有感染牛结核病牛群的养牛户家庭。此外，从感染牛结核病的牛群中随机采集了30份牛奶样本和99份鼻拭子用于分离（）。痰液样本使用GeneXpert检测法进行结核病筛查，随后使用分子技术进行分枝杆菌培养和菌种鉴定。在结核阳性痰液样本中未分离出（），仅一份样本被确认为（）。从6.6%（n = 2/30）的牛奶样本和9%（n = 9/99）的鼻拭子中分离出了（）。使用多重对应分析（MCA）和逻辑回归，拥有感染牛结核病的牛群和饮用牛奶被认为是与家庭结核病病史相关的高度显著风险因素。本研究结果证实了人畜共患结核病通过未经巴氏消毒的牛奶和气溶胶传播的可能性，因此，（）在人类结核病中的作用仍然是弱势群体关注的问题。
