韩国水鹿（Hydropotes inermis argyropus）中新出现的安氏巴尔通体的新型变体。
Novel variants of the newly emerged Anaplasma capra from Korean water deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus) in South Korea.
机构信息
College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea.
Faculty of Science, Kafr El Sheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh, 33516, Egypt.
出版信息
Parasit Vectors. 2019 Jul 25;12(1):365. doi: 10.1186/s13071-019-3622-5.
BACKGROUND
Anaplasma spp. are tick-borne Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacteria that infect humans and a wide range of animals. Anaplasma capra has emerged as a human pathogen; however, little is known about the occurrence and genetic identity of this agent in wildlife. The present study aimed to determine the infection rate and genetic profile of this pathogen in wild animals in the Republic of Korea.
METHODS
A total of 253 blood samples [198 from Korean water deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus), 53 from raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) and one sample each from a leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis) and a roe deer (Capreolus pygargus)] were collected at Chungbuk Wildlife Center during the period 2015-2018. Genomic DNA was extracted from the samples and screened for presence of Anaplasma species by PCR/sequence analysis of 429 bp of the 16S rRNA gene marker. Anaplasma capra-positive isolates were genetically profiled by amplification of a longer fragment of 16S rRNA (rrs) as well as partial sequences of citrate synthase (gltA), heat-shock protein (groEL), major surface protein 2 (msp2) and major surface protein 4 (msp4). Generated sequences of each gene marker were aligned with homologous sequences in the database and phylogenetically analyzed.
RESULTS
Anaplasma capra was detected in blood samples derived from Korean water deer, whereas samples from other animal species were negative. The overall infection rate in tested samples was 13.8% (35/253) and in the water deer the rate was 17.8% (35/198), distributed along the study period from 2015 to 2018. Genetic profiling and a phylogenetic analysis based on analyzed gene markers revealed the occurrence of two distinct strains, clustered in a single clade with counterpart sequences of A. capra in the database.
CONCLUSIONS
Anaplasma capra infection were detected in Korean water deer in the Republic of Korea, providing insight into the role of wildlife as a potential reservoir for animal and human anaplasmosis. However, further work is needed in order to evaluate the role of Korean water deer as a host/reservoir host of A. capra.
背景
无形体属是一种蜱传革兰氏阴性专性细胞内细菌，可感染人类和多种动物。绵羊无形体已成为人类病原体；然而，对于这种病原体在野生动物中的发生和遗传特征知之甚少。本研究旨在确定韩国野生动物中这种病原体的感染率和遗传特征。
方法
2015 年至 2018 年期间，在忠清北道野生动物中心采集了 253 份血液样本[198 份来自韩国水鹿（Hydropotes inermis argyropus），53 份来自浣熊狗（Nyctereutes procyonoides），1 份来自豹猫（Prionailurus bengalensis）和 1 份来自獐鹿（Capreolus pygargus）]。从样本中提取基因组 DNA，通过 PCR/429 bp 16S rRNA 基因标记的序列分析筛选是否存在无形体属。用更长的 16S rRNA（rrs）片段以及柠檬酸合酶（gltA）、热休克蛋白（groEL）、主要表面蛋白 2（msp2）和主要表面蛋白 4（msp4）的部分序列扩增来对绵羊无形体阳性分离物进行基因特征分析。每个基因标记的生成序列与数据库中的同源序列进行比对，并进行系统发育分析。
结果
在来自韩国水鹿的血液样本中检测到绵羊无形体，而来自其他动物物种的样本为阴性。在测试样本中，总体感染率为 13.8%（35/253），水鹿中的感染率为 17.8%（35/198），分布在 2015 年至 2018 年的研究期间。基于分析基因标记的基因特征分析和系统发育分析表明，存在两种不同的菌株，与数据库中绵羊无形体的对应序列聚类在单个分支中。
结论
在韩国，韩国水鹿中检测到绵羊无形体感染，这为野生动物作为动物和人类无形体病的潜在传染源提供了依据。然而，需要进一步的工作来评估韩国水鹿作为绵羊无形体的宿主/储存宿主的作用。
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