单细胞 CAS-seq 揭示了人类卵母细胞中一类短的 PIWI 相互作用 RNA。
Single-cell CAS-seq reveals a class of short PIWI-interacting RNAs in human oocytes.
机构信息
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
出版信息
Nat Commun. 2019 Jul 29;10(1):3389. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-11312-8.
Small RNAs have important functions. However, small RNAs in primate oocytes remain unexplored. Herein, we develop CAS-seq, a single-cell small RNA sequencing method, and profile the small RNAs in human oocytes and embryos. We discover a class of ~20-nt small RNAs that are predominantly expressed in human and monkey oocytes, but not in mouse oocytes. They are specifically associated with HIWI3 (PIWIL3), whereas significantly shorter than the commonly known PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), designated as oocyte short piRNAs (os-piRNAs). Notably, the os-piRNAs in human oocytes lack 2'-O-methylation at the 3' end, a hallmark of the classic piRNAs. In addition, the os-piRNAs have a strong 1U/10 A bias and are enriched on the antisense strands of recently evolved transposable elements (TEs), indicating the potential function of silencing TEs by cleavage. Therefore, our study has identified an oocyte-specific piRNA family with distinct features and provides valuable resources for studying small RNAs in primate oocytes.
小 RNA 具有重要的功能。然而，灵长类动物卵母细胞中的小 RNA 仍未被探索。在此，我们开发了 CAS-seq，一种单细胞小 RNA 测序方法，并对人类卵母细胞和胚胎中的小 RNA 进行了分析。我们发现了一类约 20 个核苷酸的小 RNA，它们主要在人和猴的卵母细胞中表达，而在鼠的卵母细胞中不表达。它们与 HIWI3（PIWIL3）特异性相关，而与通常所知的 PIWI 相互作用 RNA（piRNA）显著不同，被命名为卵母细胞短 piRNA（os-piRNA）。值得注意的是，人类卵母细胞中的 os-piRNA 在 3' 端缺乏 2'-O-甲基化，这是经典 piRNA 的一个标志。此外，os-piRNA 具有强烈的 1U/10A 偏好性，并富集在最近进化的转座元件（TE）的反义链上，表明其通过切割沉默 TE 的潜在功能。因此，我们的研究鉴定了一种具有独特特征的卵母细胞特异性 piRNA 家族，为研究灵长类动物卵母细胞中的小 RNA 提供了有价值的资源。
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