Cabral Daniel Aranha Rego, da Costa Kell Grandjean, Tavares Vagner Deuel de Oliveira, Rêgo Maria Luiza de Medeiros, Faro Heloiana Karoliny Campos, Fontes Eduardo Bodnariuc
NEUROex - Research Group in Physical Activity, Cognition and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
Department of Physical Education, University Center of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
Subst Abuse. 2019 Jul 29;13:1178221819862283. doi: 10.1177/1178221819862283. eCollection 2019.
While drug use has been shown to impair cardiac autonomic regulation, exercise might overcome some of the damage. Herein, we describe how individuals with substance use disorder (SUD) have their heart rate variability (HRV) and drug-related behaviors negatively affected in response to a stressor. However, we show how cardiorespiratory fitness may attenuate those impairments in autonomic control. Fifteen individuals with SUD were matched with 15 non-SUD individuals by age, weight, height, and fitness level, and had their HRV responses under stress induced by the Cold Pressor Test (CPT). The SUD group had lower mean of R-R intervals before and after the CPT when compared with the non-SUD group. In addition, in individuals with SUD, higher cardiorespiratory fitness level predicted greater vagal activity before, during, and after CPT. Moreover, for individuals with SUD, days of abstinence predicted greater mean of R-R intervals during recovery from the CPT. Finally, years of drug use negatively predicted mean of R-R intervals during recovery. Thus, our results suggest that chronic drug use impairs cardiac autonomic regulation at rest and after a physical stress. However, cardiorespiratory fitness might attenuate these impairments by increasing vagal autonomic activity.
虽然已表明药物使用会损害心脏自主调节功能，但运动可能会克服部分损害。在此，我们描述了物质使用障碍（SUD）患者在面对应激源时，其心率变异性（HRV）和与药物相关的行为是如何受到负面影响的。然而，我们也展示了心肺适能如何减轻自主控制方面的这些损害。15名患有SUD的个体与15名非SUD个体在年龄、体重、身高和适能水平上进行了匹配，并在冷加压试验（CPT）诱导的应激状态下测量了他们的HRV反应。与非SUD组相比，SUD组在CPT前后的R-R间期平均值更低。此外，在患有SUD的个体中，较高的心肺适能水平预示着在CPT之前、期间和之后有更强的迷走神经活动。而且，对于患有SUD的个体，禁欲天数预示着CPT恢复期间R-R间期的平均值更大。最后，药物使用年限对CPT恢复期间R-R间期的平均值有负面预测作用。因此，我们的结果表明，长期药物使用会损害静息状态下以及身体应激后的心脏自主调节功能。然而，心肺适能可能通过增加迷走神经自主活动来减轻这些损害。
