University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK.
Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK.
Sci Rep. 2019 Aug 6;9(1):11364. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47840-y.
Extracts of 35 samples of European propolis were tested against wild type and resistant strains of the protozoal pathogens Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma congolense and Leishmania mexicana. The extracts were also tested against Crithidia fasciculata a close relative of Crithidia mellificae, a parasite of bees. Crithidia, Trypanosoma and Leishmania are all members of the order Kinetoplastida. High levels of activity were obtained for all the samples with the levels of activity varying across the sample set. The highest levels of activity were found against L. mexicana. The propolis samples were profiled by using liquid chromatography with high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and principal components analysis (PCA) of the data obtained indicated there was a wide variation in the composition of the propolis samples. Orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS) associated a butyrate ester of pinobanksin with high activity against T. brucei whereas in the case of T. congolense high activity was associated with methyl ethers of chrysin and pinobanksin. In the case of C. fasciculata highest activity was associated with methyl ethers of galangin and pinobanksin. OPLS modelling of the activities against L. mexicana using the mass spectrometry produced a less successful model suggesting a wider range of active components.
从 35 种欧洲蜂胶提取物中筛选出对原生动物病原体（如布氏锥虫、刚果锥虫和墨西哥利什曼原虫）野生型和耐药株具有抑制作用的化合物。此外，这些提取物还针对蜜蜂寄生虫克里蒂亚原虫进行了测试，克里蒂亚原虫是克里蒂亚麦利菲氏虫的近亲。克里蒂亚、布氏锥虫和利什曼原虫均属于动基体目。所有样本均表现出高活性，活性水平在样本组中有所不同。对 L. mexicana 的活性最高。利用液相色谱-高分辨率质谱（LC-MS）对蜂胶样品进行了分析，并对所获得的数据进行了主成分分析（PCA），结果表明，蜂胶样品的组成存在广泛差异。正交偏最小二乘法（OPLS）将 pinobanksin 的丁酸酯与对 T. brucei 的高活性相关联，而在 T. congolense 的情况下，chrysin 和 pinobanksin 的甲基醚与高活性相关联。在 C. fasciculata 的情况下，galangin 和 pinobanksin 的甲基醚与最高活性相关联。利用质谱法对 L. mexicana 的活性进行 OPLS 建模的效果较差，表明存在更广泛的活性成分。
