Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK.
Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK.
Molecules. 2023 Jan 7;28(2):622. doi: 10.3390/molecules28020622.
Propolis is a resin that is gathered by bees from exudates produced by various plants. Its exact chemical composition depends on the plants available near the hive. Bees use propolis to coat the surfaces of the hive, where it acts as an anti-infective. Regardless of the chemical composition of propolis, it is always anti-protozoal, probably because protozoan parasites, particularly , are widespread in bee populations. The protozoa and cause disease in humans and/or animals. The existing drugs for treating these diseases are old and resistance is an increasingly severe problem. The many types of propolis present a rich source of anti-trypanosomal compounds-from a material gathered by bees in an environmentally friendly way. In the current work, red Nigerian propolis from Rivers State, Nigeria was tested against and and found to be highly active (EC 1.66 and 4.00 µg/mL, respectively). Four isoflavonoids, vestitol, neovestitol, 7-methylvestitol and medicarpin, were isolated from the propolis. The isolated compounds were also tested against and , and vestitol displayed the highest activity at 3.86 and 4.36 µg/mL, respectively. Activities against drug-resistant forms of and were similar to those against wild type.
蜂胶是蜜蜂从各种植物的渗出物中采集的树脂。其确切的化学成分取决于蜂巢附近的植物。蜜蜂用蜂胶来覆盖蜂巢的表面，蜂胶在那里起到抗感染的作用。无论蜂胶的化学成分如何，它总是具有抗原生动物的作用，这可能是因为原生动物寄生虫，尤其是 ，在蜜蜂种群中广泛存在。这些原生动物 和 会导致人类和/或动物患病。用于治疗这些疾病的现有药物已经很陈旧，而且耐药性是一个日益严重的问题。从蜜蜂以环保方式采集的材料中，可以得到多种具有抗锥虫作用的蜂胶，这是一种丰富的来源。在目前的工作中，对来自尼日利亚里弗斯州的红色尼日利亚蜂胶进行了测试，结果表明它对 和 具有高度活性（EC 值分别为 1.66 和 4.00 µg/mL）。从蜂胶中分离出四种异黄酮，vestitol、neovestitol、7-methylvestitol 和 medicarpin。分离出的化合物也对 和 进行了测试，vestitol 的活性最高，分别为 3.86 和 4.36 µg/mL。对耐药形式的 和 的活性与对野生型的活性相似。
