Kraus G, Schaller K H, Winter L
Bayerischen Landesinstitut für Arbeitsmedizin in München.
Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg B Umwelthyg Krankenhaushyg Arbeitshyg Prav Med. 1988 May;186(2):95-107.
The influence of occupational cadmium exposure on the electrolyte (Ca, Mg) and trace element (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn) concentrations in blood, erythrocytes and serum was investigated. The study was performed at 62 cadmium exposed persons and 38 men not occupationally exposed. The cadmium blood levels of the workers from eight factories (cadmium electroplating, cadmium stearate processing and hard soldering) ranged from 1.0 to 23.7 micrograms Cd/l blood (median 4.2 micrograms/l), of the normal persons from 0.3 to 4.1 micrograms Cd/l blood (median 1.6 micrograms/l). Around 90% of the cadmium was found in the erythrocytes. The cadmium levels in serum were much lower and increased negligibly with elevated blood cadmium concentrations. An influence of cadmium on the concentrations of calcium, iron, copper and manganese in the blood compartments could not be found. In the compartments plasma and erythrocytes higher magnesium levels were detected in comparison to the normal group; a correlation to the cadmium levels did not exist. The medians for the zinc levels in blood, erythrocytes and serum in the exposed groups were significantly higher than the normal zinc levels and correlated with the blood cadmium levels. For blood samples with cadmium concentrations exceeding 10 micrograms/l the ratio of zinc to cadmium was reduced against zinc in spite of elevated zinc and increasing cadmium levels. A negative significant correlation was calculated for the relationships of cadmium and zinc in blood and erythrocytes. A significant change of the element concentrations in the sense of a transfer from one compartment to another was not detected.
研究了职业性镉暴露对血液、红细胞和血清中电解质（钙、镁）及微量元素（铁、铜、锌、锰）浓度的影响。该研究对62名镉暴露者和38名非职业性暴露男性进行。来自八个工厂（镉电镀、硬脂酸镉加工和硬钎焊）的工人血液镉水平在1.0至23.7微克镉/升血液之间（中位数为4.2微克/升），正常人血液镉水平在0.3至4.1微克镉/升血液之间（中位数为1.6微克/升）。约90%的镉存在于红细胞中。血清中的镉水平低得多，且随着血液镉浓度升高其增加可忽略不计。未发现镉对血液各部分中钙、铁、铜和锰浓度有影响。与正常组相比，血浆和红细胞部分检测到较高的镁水平；与镉水平无相关性。暴露组血液、红细胞和血清中锌水平的中位数显著高于正常锌水平，且与血液镉水平相关。对于镉浓度超过10微克/升的血液样本，尽管锌水平升高且镉水平增加，但锌与镉的比例相对于锌降低。计算得出血液和红细胞中镉与锌的关系呈显著负相关。未检测到元素浓度在从一个部分转移到另一个部分方面有显著变化。
