Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 250003 Ji-nan, China.
Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2019;20(10):984-995. doi: 10.2174/1389203720666190807130504.
Vitamin D, as a natural medicine, is known to regulate calcium and phosphate homeostasis. But abundant research has shown that vitamin D also plays a regulatory role in autoimmunity, inflammation, angiogenesis and vascular cell activity. Since the vitamin D receptor (VDR) is widely distributed in vascular endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and cardiomyocytes, the role of vitamin D and VDR in hypertension has received extensive attention. Hypertension is a disease with high incidence and high cardiovascular risk. In recent years, both clinical trials and animal experiments have shown that vitamin D plays a regulatory role in decreasing blood pressure (BP) through inhibiting renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activity, modulating function of vascular wall and reducing vascular oxidative stress. A growing body of data suggest that vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk in hypertension, even short-term vitamin D deficiency may directly raise BP and promote target organ damage. Due to the high correlation between vitamin D and hypertension, vitamin D supplementation therapy may be a new insight in the treatment of hypertension. The aim of this review will explore the mechanisms of the vitamin D and VDR in regulating the BP and protecting against the target organ damage.
维生素 D 作为一种天然药物，其功能已被广泛认知，它可以调节钙和磷的稳态平衡。但大量的研究表明，维生素 D 还在自身免疫、炎症、血管生成和血管细胞活性中发挥着调节作用。由于维生素 D 受体 (VDR) 广泛分布于血管内皮细胞、血管平滑肌细胞和心肌细胞中，因此维生素 D 和 VDR 在高血压中的作用受到了广泛关注。高血压是一种发病率高、心血管风险高的疾病。近年来，临床研究和动物实验均表明，维生素 D 通过抑制肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统活性、调节血管壁功能和减轻血管氧化应激，发挥降压作用。越来越多的数据表明，维生素 D 缺乏与高血压患者心血管疾病风险增加有关，甚至短期维生素 D 缺乏也可能直接升高血压并促进靶器官损伤。由于维生素 D 与高血压之间存在高度相关性，因此维生素 D 补充治疗可能是高血压治疗的新视角。本综述旨在探讨维生素 D 和 VDR 调节血压和保护靶器官损伤的机制。
