Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Department of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Aug 6;20(15):3835. doi: 10.3390/ijms20153835.
Modification of implantable scaffolds with magnesium and zinc for improvement of bone regeneration is a growing trend in the engineering of biomaterials. The aim of this study was to synthesize nano-hydroxyapatite substituted with magnesium (Mg) (HA-Mg) and zinc (Zn) (HA-Zn) ions in order to fabricate chitosan-agarose-hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds (chit/aga/HA) with improved biocompatibility. Fabricated biomaterials containing Mg or Zn were tested using osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells to determine the effect of incorporated metal ions on cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation. The study was conducted in direct contact with the scaffolds (cells were seeded onto the biomaterials) and using fluid extracts of the materials. It demonstrated that incorporation of Mg ions into chit/aga/HA structure increased spreading of the osteoblasts, promoted cell proliferation on the scaffold surface, and enhanced osteocalcin production by mesenchymal stem cells. Although biomaterial containing Zn did not improve cell proliferation, it did enhance type I collagen production by mesenchymal stem cells and extracellular matrix mineralization as compared to cells cultured in a polystyrene well. Nevertheless, scaffolds made of pure HA gave better results than material with Zn. Results of the experiments clearly showed that modification of the chit/aga/HA scaffold with Zn did not have any positive impact on cell behavior, whereas, incorporation of Mg ions into its structure may significantly improve biocompatibility of the resultant material, increasing its potential in biomedical applications.
用镁和锌对可植入支架进行修饰以促进骨再生是生物材料工程中的一个新兴趋势。本研究的目的是合成纳米羟基磷灰石取代镁（Mg）（HA-Mg）和锌（Zn）（HA-Zn）离子，以制备具有更好生物相容性的壳聚糖-琼脂糖-羟基磷灰石（HA）支架（chit/aga/HA）。用成骨细胞和间充质干细胞测试含有 Mg 或 Zn 的生物材料，以确定掺入的金属离子对细胞黏附、铺展、增殖和成骨分化的影响。该研究在与支架直接接触的情况下进行（细胞接种在生物材料上），并使用材料的流体提取物。结果表明，将 Mg 离子掺入 chit/aga/HA 结构中可增加成骨细胞的铺展，促进细胞在支架表面的增殖，并增强间充质干细胞产生骨钙素。尽管含有 Zn 的生物材料并未提高细胞增殖，但与在聚苯乙烯孔中培养的细胞相比，它确实增强了间充质干细胞的 I 型胶原蛋白产生和细胞外基质矿化。然而，与含有 Zn 的材料相比，纯 HA 制成的支架的效果更好。实验结果清楚地表明，用 Zn 对 chit/aga/HA 支架进行修饰没有对细胞行为产生任何积极影响，而将 Mg 离子掺入其结构中可能会显著提高所得材料的生物相容性，增加其在生物医学应用中的潜力。
