State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2019 Sep 16;48(18):4892-4920. doi: 10.1039/c8cs00402a.
DNA nanotechnology engineered at the solid-liquid interface has advanced our fundamental understanding of DNA hybridization kinetics and facilitated the design of improved biosensing, bioimaging and therapeutic platforms. Three research branches of DNA nanotechnology exist: (i) structural DNA nanotechnology for the construction of various nanoscale patterns; (ii) dynamic DNA nanotechnology for the operation of nanodevices; and (iii) functional DNA nanotechnology for the exploration of new DNA functions. Although the initial stages of DNA nanotechnology research began in aqueous solution, current research efforts have shifted to solid-liquid interfaces. Based on shape and component features, these interfaces can be classified as flat interfaces, nanoparticle interfaces, and soft interfaces of DNA origami and cell membranes. This review briefly discusses the development of DNA nanotechnology. We then highlight the important roles of structural DNA nanotechnology in tailoring the properties of flat interfaces and modifications of nanoparticle interfaces, and extensively review their successful bioapplications. In addition, engineering advances in DNA nanodevices at interfaces for improved biosensing both in vitro and in vivo are presented. The use of DNA nanotechnology as a tool to engineer cell membranes to reveal protein levels and cell behavior is also discussed. Finally, we present challenges and an outlook for this emerging field.
DNA 纳米技术在固液界面上的工程化提高了我们对 DNA 杂交动力学的基本认识，并促进了改进的生物传感、生物成像和治疗平台的设计。DNA 纳米技术有三个研究分支：(i) 用于构建各种纳米级图案的结构 DNA 纳米技术；(ii) 用于操作纳米器件的动态 DNA 纳米技术；和 (iii) 用于探索新的 DNA 功能的功能 DNA 纳米技术。尽管 DNA 纳米技术研究的初始阶段始于水溶液中，但目前的研究工作已经转向固液界面。根据形状和组成特征，这些界面可以分为平面界面、纳米颗粒界面以及 DNA 折纸和细胞膜的软界面。本综述简要讨论了 DNA 纳米技术的发展。然后，我们重点介绍了结构 DNA 纳米技术在定制平面界面性质和修饰纳米颗粒界面方面的重要作用，并广泛回顾了它们在生物应用方面的成功案例。此外，还介绍了界面上 DNA 纳米器件在改进体外和体内生物传感方面的工程进展。还讨论了将 DNA 纳米技术用作工具来工程化细胞膜以揭示蛋白质水平和细胞行为的应用。最后，我们提出了这个新兴领域的挑战和展望。
