Wu Xinjuan, Li Jiaqian, Liu Ge, Liu Ying, Cao Jing, Jia Zhaoxia
Department of Nursing, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
Department of Health Care, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China.
Int J Nurs Sci. 2018 Sep 3;5(4):383-389. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2018.08.001. eCollection 2018 Oct 10.
This study aimed to explore the status of job satisfaction, emotional labour, core competencies and job stress and the associations of emotional labour and core competencies with the job satisfaction of nurses in China.
Data were collected by using a self-designed general information questionnaire, a job satisfaction questionnaire (McCloskey/Mueller Satisfaction Scale), a nurse emotional labour questionnaire, the Competency Inventory for Registered Nurses questionnaire, and a nurse job stressor questionnaire. A total of 13,448 nurses from 92 hospitals across mainland of China were surveyed, and 11,337 respondents (84.3% response rate) completed the questionnaires.
The survey results indicated that Chinese nurses had average job satisfaction (24.77 ± 5.23), moderate job stress (86.84 ± 21.12), moderate to high emotional labour experiences (55.08 ± 9.63) and high competency (195.77 ± 37.61). Multiple linear regression indicated that surface acting was negatively correlated with job satisfaction ( < 0.01), while deep acting ( < 0.01) and nurses' core competence ( < 0.01) were positively associated with job satisfaction. Besides, The results also indicated job stress, geographical distribution, hospital category, gender, work shift, only children, parenting status, monthly salary, nursing experience, professional title, hospital area were the influencing factors of job satisfaction ( < 0.05).
The improvement of the emotional labour and competency of nurses may help enhance their job satisfaction.
本研究旨在探讨中国护士的工作满意度、情绪劳动、核心能力和工作压力状况，以及情绪劳动和核心能力与护士工作满意度之间的关联。
采用自行设计的一般资料问卷、工作满意度问卷（麦克洛斯基/米勒满意度量表）、护士情绪劳动问卷、注册护士能力量表问卷和护士工作压力源问卷收集数据。对中国大陆92家医院的13448名护士进行了调查，11337名受访者（应答率84.3%）完成了问卷。
调查结果显示，中国护士的工作满意度处于中等水平（24.77±5.23），工作压力适中（86.84±21.12），情绪劳动体验中等偏高（55.08±9.63），核心能力较高（195.77±37.61）。多元线性回归表明，表层行为与工作满意度呈负相关（<0.01），而深层行为（<0.01）和护士的核心能力（<0.01）与工作满意度呈正相关。此外，结果还表明工作压力、地理分布、医院类别、性别、工作班次、是否独生子女、养育状况、月工资、护理经验、职称、医院面积是工作满意度的影响因素（<0.05）。
提高护士的情绪劳动和能力可能有助于提高他们的工作满意度。
