UCD Institute of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, UCD, Belfield, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland.
UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, UCD, Belfield, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland.
Nutr Res Rev. 2020 Jun;33(1):33-42. doi: 10.1017/S0954422419000179. Epub 2019 Aug 22.
Personalised nutrition is at its simplest form the delivery of dietary advice at an individual level. Incorporating response to different diets has resulted in the concept of precision nutrition. Harnessing the metabolic phenotype to identify subgroups of individuals that respond differentially to dietary interventions is becoming a reality. More specifically, the classification of individuals in subgroups according to their metabolic profile is defined as metabotyping and this approach has been employed to successfully identify differential response to dietary interventions. Furthermore, the approach has been expanded to develop a framework for the delivery of targeted nutrition. The present review examines the application of the metabotype approach in nutrition research with a focus on developing personalised nutrition. Application of metabotyping in longitudinal studies demonstrates that metabotypes can be associated with cardiometabolic risk factors and diet-related diseases while application in interventions can identify metabotypes with differential responses. In general, there is strong evidence that metabolic phenotyping is a promising strategy to identify groups at risk and to potentially improve health promotion at a population level. Future work should verify if targeted nutrition can change behaviours and have an impact on health outcomes.
个性化营养的最简单形式是在个体层面提供饮食建议。将对不同饮食的反应纳入其中，产生了精准营养的概念。利用代谢表型来识别对饮食干预反应不同的个体亚组正在成为现实。更具体地说，根据代谢特征将个体分类为亚组的方法被定义为代谢分型，这种方法已成功用于识别对饮食干预的不同反应。此外，该方法已扩展到为靶向营养的提供制定框架。本综述探讨了代谢分型方法在营养研究中的应用，重点是开发个性化营养。代谢分型在纵向研究中的应用表明，代谢分型可以与心血管代谢危险因素和与饮食相关的疾病相关联，而在干预中的应用可以识别具有不同反应的代谢分型。总的来说，有强有力的证据表明，代谢表型是一种很有前途的策略，可以识别高危人群，并有可能在人群层面上促进健康。未来的工作应该验证靶向营养是否可以改变行为并对健康结果产生影响。
