Espinoza-Silva Miguel, Latorre-Román Pedro Ángel, Párraga-Montilla Juan, Caamaño-Navarrete Felipe, Jerez-Mayorga Daniel, Delgado-Floody Pedro
Departamento de Educación Física, Deportes y Recreación, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y Corporal, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, España.
Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr (Engl Ed). 2019 Dec;66(10):611-619. doi: 10.1016/j.endinu.2019.05.005. Epub 2019 Aug 19.
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been widely used to fight cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents and adults, but no data are available on its applicability in children.
To assess the effects of HIIT on different anthropometric and cardiovascular parameters of overweight and obese children aged 7-9 years.
Four groups were formed: 1) an overweight control group (OWCG, n=30, BMI=21.60±3.72kg/m); 2) an obesity control group (OCG, n=34, BMI=23.92±3.11kg/m); 3) an overweight intervention group (OWIG, n=69, BMI=20.01±1.88kg/m), and 4) an obesity intervention group (OIG, n=141, BMI=24.12±2.66kg/m). BMI, body fat (BF), waist circumference, height-waist ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were assessed before and after intervention.
There were significant differences in BMI (P<.001), BF (P<.001), and CRF (P<.001) between the groups (control vs. intervention) before and after intervention (OWCG vs. OWIG and OCG vs. OIG). BMI decreased in the OWIG (BMI, 20.01±1.88 at baseline vs. 19.00±2.02 after HIIT, P<.001) and OIG (BMI, 24.12±2.66 at baseline vs. 23.23±3.23 after HIIT, P<.001) groups. Similarly, BF decreased in the OWIG (BF, 21.84±4.97 at baseline vs. 19.55±4.81% after HIIT, P<.001) and OIG (BF, 30.26±11.49 at baseline vs. 26.81±6.80% after HIIT, P<.001) groups. CRF improved in both intervention groups (P<.001). There was a significant decrease in the prevalence rate of schoolchildren with obesity (from 66.4% to 49.6%) (P<.001).
The intervention conducted in the school setting improved the anthropometric and cardiovascular parameters of schoolchildren, and also allowed for reducing the proportion of schoolchildren with obesity.
高强度间歇训练（HIIT）已被广泛用于对抗青少年和成年人的心血管危险因素，但关于其在儿童中的适用性尚无数据。
评估HIIT对7至9岁超重和肥胖儿童不同人体测量和心血管参数的影响。
分为四组：1）超重对照组（OWCG，n = 30，BMI = 21.60±3.72kg/m²）；2）肥胖对照组（OCG，n = 34，BMI = 23.92±3.11kg/m²）；3）超重干预组（OWIG，n = 69，BMI = 20.01±1.88kg/m²），以及4）肥胖干预组（OIG，n = 141，BMI = 24.12±2.66kg/m²）。在干预前后评估BMI、体脂（BF）、腰围、腰高比、收缩压和舒张压以及心肺适能（CRF）。
干预前后各组（对照组与干预组）之间在BMI（P <.001）、BF（P <.001）和CRF（P <.001）方面存在显著差异（OWCG与OWIG以及OCG与OIG）。OWIG组（基线时BMI为20.01±1.88，HIIT后为19.00±2.02，P <.001）和OIG组（基线时BMI为24.12±2.66，HIIT后为23.23±3.23，P <.001）的BMI均下降。同样，OWIG组（基线时BF为21.84±4.97，HIIT后为19.55±4.81%，P <.001）和OIG组（基线时BF为30.26±11.49，HIIT后为26.81±6.80%，P <.001）的BF均下降。两个干预组的CRF均有所改善（P <.001）。肥胖学童的患病率显著下降（从66.4%降至49.6%）（P <.001）。
在学校环境中进行的干预改善了学童的人体测量和心血管参数，并且还降低了肥胖学童的比例。
