Department of Physical Education, Sport and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Uruguay Street n°, 1980, Temuco, Chile.
Department of Didactics of Corporal Expression, University of Jaen, Paraje de Las Lagunillas s/n. D2 Building, Dep. 142., 23071, Jaen, Spain.
Eur J Pediatr. 2018 Jul;177(7):1019-1027. doi: 10.1007/s00431-018-3149-3. Epub 2018 Apr 21.
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of 28 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) during physical education classes on the weight status, cardiorespiratory capacity, and blood pressure of overweight and obese schoolchildren. The participants included 197 schoolchildren (108 girls and 89 boys) aged between 6 and 11 years (8.39 ± 1.15 years) in four groups: experimental group 1 (EG1) = 59 overweight schoolchildren; experimental group 2 (EG2) = 92 obese schoolchildren; control group 1 (CG1) = 17 overweight children; and control group 2 (CG2) = 29 obese schoolchildren. The participants in the EGs carried out HIIT twice per week for 28 weeks. After the 28-week intervention, the participants showed significant reductions in body mass index (p < 0.001). Waist circumference of boys in EG2 and waist-to-height ratio of girls in EG2 was significantly reduced (p < 0.05). Body fat percentage diminished, for girls in both groups and boys in EG2 (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the program significantly reduced the number of hypertensive schoolchildren (p = 0.001) and reduced the percentage of obese schoolchildren. The distance covered in the 6-min walk test improved significantly for girls in EG1 and EG2 (p < 0.05) and boys in EG2.
The 28-week HIIT program caused significant improvements in the cardiorespiratory capacity, anthropometric variables, and blood pressure levels of overweight and obese children. What is Known: • High-intensity interval training (HIIT) programs improve health, but investigations have used relatively short intervention periods. What is New: • The 28-week period (a large intervention period) of HIIT-based games during physical education classes caused significant improvements in cardiorespiratory capacity, anthropometric variables, and blood pressure levels of overweight and obese schoolchildren.
本研究旨在探讨在体育课中进行 28 周高强度间歇训练（HIIT）对超重和肥胖学龄儿童体重状况、心肺能力和血压的影响。研究对象为 197 名 6 至 11 岁（8.39±1.15 岁）的学龄儿童，分为 4 组：实验组 1（EG1）=59 名超重儿童；实验组 2（EG2）=92 名肥胖儿童；对照组 1（CG1）=17 名超重儿童；对照组 2（CG2）=29 名肥胖儿童。EG 组的参与者每周进行两次 HIIT，共进行 28 周。经过 28 周的干预，参与者的体重指数（BMI）显著降低（p<0.001）。EG2 组男孩的腰围和 EG2 组女孩的腰高比显著降低（p<0.05）。两组女孩和 EG2 组男孩的体脂百分比均有所下降（p<0.05）。此外，该方案显著减少了高血压儿童的数量（p=0.001），并降低了肥胖儿童的比例。在 6 分钟步行测试中，EG1 和 EG2 的女孩以及 EG2 的男孩的距离显著提高（p<0.05）。
28 周的 HIIT 方案显著改善了超重和肥胖儿童的心肺能力、人体测量学变量和血压水平。已知：高强度间歇训练（HIIT）方案可改善健康状况，但研究使用的干预时间相对较短。新发现：在体育课中进行基于 HIIT 的游戏 28 周（较大的干预期）可显著改善超重和肥胖学龄儿童的心肺能力、人体测量学变量和血压水平。
