Waegeneers Nadia, De Vos Sandra, Verleysen Eveline, Ruttens Ann, Mast Jan
Service Trace Elements and Nanomaterials, Sciensano, Leuvensesteenweg 17, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium.
Service Trace Elements and Nanomaterials, Sciensano, Groeselenberg 99, 1180 Brussels, Belgium.
Materials (Basel). 2019 Aug 22;12(17):2677. doi: 10.3390/ma12172677.
E174 (silver) is a food additive that may contain silver nanoparticles (AgNP). Validated methods are needed to size and quantify these particles in a regulatory context. However, no validations have yet been performed with food additives or real samples containing food additives requiring a sample preparation step prior to analysis. A single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS) method was developed and validated for sizing and quantifying the fraction of AgNP in E174 and in products containing E174, and associated uncertainties related to sample preparation, analysis and data interpretation were unraveled. The expanded measurement uncertainty for AgNP sizing was calculated to be 16% in E174-containing food products and increased up to 23% in E174 itself. The E174 food additives showed a large silver background concentration combined with a relatively low number of nanoparticles, making data interpretation more challenging than in the products. The standard uncertainties related to sample preparation, analysis, and challenging data interpretation were respectively 4.7%, 6.5%, and 6.0% for triplicate performances. For a single replicate sample, the uncertainty related to sample preparation increased to 6.8%. The expanded measurement uncertainty related to the concentration determination was 25-45% in these complex samples, without a clear distinction between additives and products. Overall, the validation parameters obtained for spICP-MS seem to be fit for the purpose of characterizing AgNP in E174 or E174-containing products.
E174（银色）是一种可能含有银纳米颗粒（AgNP）的食品添加剂。在监管环境下，需要经过验证的方法来测定这些颗粒的大小并进行定量分析。然而，对于食品添加剂或含有需要在分析前进行样品制备步骤的食品添加剂的实际样品，尚未进行过验证。开发并验证了一种单颗粒电感耦合等离子体质谱法（spICP-MS），用于测定E174以及含有E174的产品中AgNP的大小和定量分析，并揭示了与样品制备、分析和数据解释相关的不确定性。计算得出，在含E174的食品中，AgNP大小的扩展测量不确定度为16%，而在E174本身中则高达23%。E174食品添加剂显示出较高的银背景浓度，同时纳米颗粒数量相对较少，这使得数据解释比在产品中更具挑战性。对于一式三份的样品，与样品制备、分析和具有挑战性的数据解释相关的标准不确定度分别为4.7%、6.5%和6.0%。对于单个重复样品，与样品制备相关的不确定度增加到6.8%。在这些复杂样品中，与浓度测定相关的扩展测量不确定度为25 - 45%，添加剂和产品之间没有明显区别。总体而言，spICP-MS获得的验证参数似乎适用于表征E174或含E174产品中的AgNP。
