Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
Zoology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Oct;26(30):30857-30865. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-06280-x. Epub 2019 Aug 24.
Recently, the residues of some common and widely used herbicides (acetochlor, bispyribac-sodium, bentazon, bensulfuron-methyl, halosulfuron-methyl, and quinclorac) were detected in the surface water, soil, sediments, and fish tissues as the agricultural drainage problems. In this study, juveniles of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of these herbicides as 2.625, 0.800, 36.00, 2.50, 1.275, and 11.250 mg/l for acetochlor, bispyribac-sodium, bentazon, bensulfuron-methyl, halosulfuron-methyl, and quinclorac respectively for 96 h. Some hemato-biochemical parameters were evaluated. In comparison with the control group, sub-lethal concentrations of all tested herbicides induced alterations in the shape of erythrocytes. Also, in all tested herbicides, hematological parameters of exposed fish exhibited a significant decrease in red blood cell count except bentazon. However, all tested herbicides showed an insignificant reduction in mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and total white blood cells except bensulfuron-methyl. For biochemical parameters, most tested herbicides induced a significant increase in levels of cholesterol, albumin, globulin, albumin/globulin ratio, activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and total plasma protein (only with acetochlor), urea, and creatinine (except bentazon and halosulfuron-methyl that exhibited non-significant decrease in creatinine level) compared with the control. In conclusion, the fish blood profiles can be used as good biomarkers for laboratory study to assess the toxicity of the tested rice herbicides at a sub-acute level especially acetochlor on O. niloticus. Graphical Abstract.
最近，由于农业排水问题，在地表水、土壤、沉积物和鱼类组织中检测到一些常见且广泛使用的除草剂（乙草胺、双吡氟草胺、苯达松、苄嘧磺隆、甲磺胺磺隆和氯喹氧乙酸）的残留。在本研究中，尼罗罗非鱼 Oreochromis niloticus 的幼鱼暴露于这些除草剂的亚致死浓度下，分别为 2.625、0.800、36.00、2.50、1.275 和 11.250 mg/l，暴露时间为 96 h。评估了一些血液生化参数。与对照组相比，所有测试的除草剂的亚致死浓度都会改变红细胞的形状。此外，在所有测试的除草剂中，除了苯达松之外，暴露于鱼的血液学参数显示红细胞计数显著减少。然而，除了苄嘧磺隆之外，所有测试的除草剂都显示出平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度和总白细胞数的无意义减少。对于生化参数，除了苯达松和甲磺胺磺隆之外，大多数测试的除草剂都会导致胆固醇、白蛋白、球蛋白、白蛋白/球蛋白比值、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）和总血浆蛋白（仅与乙草胺一起）的水平显著升高，尿素和肌酐（除了苯达松和甲磺胺磺隆之外，肌酐水平没有显著降低）。总之，鱼类血液谱可作为实验室研究的良好生物标志物，用于评估测试的稻田除草剂在亚急性水平下对 O. niloticus 的毒性，特别是乙草胺。
