Cosgrove Sarah J, Crawford Derek A, Heinrich Katie M
Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
School of Nutrition, Kinesiology, and Psychological Sciences, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO 64093, USA.
Sports (Basel). 2019 Sep 2;7(9):203. doi: 10.3390/sports7090203.
While short-term high intensity functional training (HIFT) effects have been established, fitness improvements from program participation exceeding 16 weeks are unknown. This study examined the effectiveness of participation in HIFT through CrossFit. During 2013-2014, fitness performance testing was incorporated into an ongoing university CrossFit program. Participants included 45 adults (23 women, 22 men) with 0-27 months of HIFT experience (grouped into 0-6 months and 7+ months). Participants completed three separate days of assessments across 10 fitness domains before and after participating in the program for six months. For each sex, 2 (Time) × 2 (Group) RANOVA were used for each fitness test. For women, significant Time effects were found for four fitness domains (i.e., flexibility, power, muscular endurance, and strength), and a Group × Time interaction for cardiorespiratory endurance, with the 0-6-month group improving more. For men, significant Time effects were found for flexibility, muscular endurance, and strength. These data provide evidence for multiple fitness improvements after six months of CrossFit participation with greater 1.5 mile run time improvement among women with less experience.
虽然短期高强度功能训练（HIFT）的效果已经得到证实，但参与超过16周的训练计划对体能的改善情况尚不清楚。本研究考察了通过CrossFit参与HIFT的有效性。在2013 - 2014年期间，体能表现测试被纳入一个正在进行的大学CrossFit项目中。参与者包括45名成年人（23名女性，22名男性），他们有0 - 27个月的HIFT经验（分为0 - 6个月组和7个月以上组）。参与者在参加为期六个月的项目前后，在10个体能领域分别进行了三天的评估。对于每项体能测试，对每个性别采用2（时间）×2（组）重复测量方差分析。对于女性而言，在四个体能领域（即柔韧性、力量、肌肉耐力和力量）发现了显著的时间效应，在心肺耐力方面发现了组×时间交互作用，0 - 6个月组的改善更为明显。对于男性而言，在柔韧性、肌肉耐力和力量方面发现了显著的时间效应。这些数据为参与CrossFit六个月后多项体能的改善提供了证据，经验较少的女性在1.5英里跑步时间上有更大改善。
