Gajdács Márió, Dóczi Ilona, Ábrók Marianna, Lázár Andrea, Burián Katalin
University of Szeged, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, Szeged, Hungary.
University of Szeged, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Szeged, Hungary.
Cent European J Urol. 2019;72(2):209-214. doi: 10.5173/ceju.2019.1909. Epub 2019 Jun 29.
The presence of Candida species in urine (candiduria) is a common clinical finding, which may frequently represent colonization or contamination of specimens, however, they may be etiological agents in urinary tract infections (UTIs) or be indicators of underlying pathology in the genitourinary system or disseminated candidaemia. C. albicans is the most frequently isolated species of the genus, however, an increase in the occurrence of non-albicans Candida species (NACS) has been reported, which may be attributable to frequent exposure to fluconazole.
The aim of this study was to retrospectively assess and compare the prevalence of candiduria and UTIs caused by Candida spp. among inpatients and outpatients at a major clinical center in Hungary, during a 10-year period (2008-2017).
Candiduria was detected in 0.11-0.75% of positive samples from outpatients, while this number was significantly higher for inpatients, ranging between 3.49-10.63% (p <0.001). Overall, C. albicans was the most frequently isolated species (65.22% in outpatients and 59.64% in inpatients), however, the presence of C. glabrata as a relevant etiologic agent (~20-30%) is also noteworthy, because there are corresponding therapeutic consequences.
A pronounced female dominance (1.7-2.15-fold), advanced age (~70 years) and hospitalization of affected patients during candiduria is in line with the findings in literature.
尿液中念珠菌属的存在（念珠菌尿症）是一种常见的临床发现，这可能经常代表标本的定植或污染，然而，它们可能是尿路感染（UTI）的病原体，或者是泌尿生殖系统潜在病理或播散性念珠菌血症的指标。白色念珠菌是该属中最常分离出的菌种，然而，据报道非白色念珠菌属菌种（NACS）的发生率有所增加，这可能归因于频繁接触氟康唑。
本研究的目的是回顾性评估和比较匈牙利一个主要临床中心在10年期间（2008 - 2017年）住院患者和门诊患者中念珠菌尿症和由念珠菌属引起的UTI的患病率。
在门诊患者的阳性样本中，念珠菌尿症的检出率为0.11 - 0.75%，而住院患者的这一数字明显更高，在3.49 - 10.63%之间（p <0.001）。总体而言，白色念珠菌是最常分离出的菌种（门诊患者中为65.22%，住院患者中为59.64%），然而，光滑念珠菌作为相关病原体的存在（约20 - 30%）也值得注意，因为这有相应的治疗后果。
念珠菌尿症患者中女性明显占优势（1.7 - 2.15倍）、年龄较大（约70岁）以及受影响患者住院的情况与文献中的发现一致。
