Faculty of Liberal Arts, Tohoku Gakuin University, Sendai, Japan.
School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
PLoS One. 2019 Sep 4;14(9):e0216842. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216842. eCollection 2019.
Multiple cross-sectional studies have shown that regular complex exercises, which require cognitive demands (e.g., decision making) and various motions, are associated with greater positive effects on executive functions compared to simple exercises. However, the evidence of a single bout of complex exercises is mixed, and investigations on the acute effect of complex exercise using a well-controlled within-subjects research design are few. Therefore, we compared the acute effects of complex exercise on inhibitory functions with those of simple running. Twenty young adults performed three interventions, which were running, badminton, and seated rest as a control condition for 10 min each. During each intervention, oxygen consumption and heart rate were monitored. A Stroop test and a reverse-Stroop test were completed before and after each intervention. The intensities of the badminton and running were equivalent. Badminton significantly improved performance on the Stroop task compared to seated rest; however, running did not enhance performance on the Stroop task relative to seated rest. A single bout of complex exercise elicits a larger benefit to inhibitory function than a single bout of simple exercise. However, the benefit of complex exercise may vary depending on the type of executive functions.
多项横断面研究表明，与简单运动相比，需要认知需求（如决策）和多种动作的常规复杂运动对执行功能有更大的积极影响。然而，单次复杂运动的证据喜忧参半，并且使用良好控制的被试内研究设计对复杂运动的急性效应的研究很少。因此，我们比较了复杂运动对抑制功能的急性影响与简单跑步的影响。二十名年轻人进行了三种干预，即跑步、羽毛球和坐姿休息，每种干预持续 10 分钟。在每种干预过程中，监测耗氧量和心率。在每次干预前后完成 Stroop 测试和反向 Stroop 测试。羽毛球和跑步的强度相当。与坐姿休息相比，羽毛球显著提高了 Stroop 任务的表现；然而，与坐姿休息相比，跑步并没有提高 Stroop 任务的表现。单次复杂运动比单次简单运动更能促进抑制功能。然而，复杂运动的益处可能因执行功能的类型而异。
