Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Nat Immunol. 2019 Oct;20(10):1279-1290. doi: 10.1038/s41590-019-0451-9. Epub 2019 Sep 9.
The revolution in microbiota research over the past decade has provided invaluable knowledge about the function of the microbial species that inhabit the human body. It has become widely accepted that these microorganisms, collectively called 'the microbiota', engage in networks of interactions with each other and with the host that aim to benefit both the microbial members and the mammalian members of this unique ecosystem. The lungs, previously thought to be sterile, are now known to harbor a unique microbiota and, additionally, to be influenced by microbial signals from distal body sites, such as the intestine. Here we review the role of the lung and gut microbiotas in respiratory health and disease and highlight the main pathways of communication that underlie the gut-lung axis.
过去十年中，微生物组研究的革命为我们了解栖息在人体中的微生物物种的功能提供了宝贵的知识。人们普遍认为，这些微生物，统称为“微生物组”，与彼此以及宿主进行着相互作用的网络，目的是使微生物成员和这个独特生态系统中的哺乳动物成员都受益。以前人们认为肺部是无菌的，但现在已知肺部存在独特的微生物群，并且还会受到来自远端身体部位（如肠道）的微生物信号的影响。在这里，我们综述了肺部和肠道微生物组在呼吸健康和疾病中的作用，并强调了构成肠-肺轴的主要通讯途径。
