Dastbarhagh Hossien, Kargarfard Mehdi, Abedi Hassanali, Bambaeichi Effat, Nazarali Parvaneh
Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
Research Center for Noncommunicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.
Int J Prev Med. 2019 Aug 12;10:139. doi: 10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_383_17. eCollection 2019.
The aim of present study was to compare the effects of negative energy balance with food restriction and/or aerobic exercise on the glucose, insulin, and GLUT4 levels in diabetic male rats.
Fifty-six 10-week old male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to seven groups: a non-diabetic (ND) group and six diabetic groups. After an infusion of type 2 diabetes, the diabetic groups were given labels as well, namely diabetic control (DC) group, exercise (Ex) group, food restriction with standard diet (FRSD) group, food restriction with low-carbohydrate diet (FRLCD) group, food restriction with standard diet combination in exercise (FRSDE) group, and food restriction with low-carbohydrate diet combination in exercise (FRLCDE) group. Further, to induce caloric restriction (CR), food intake was reduced by 20% and given to food restriction consists of both of (FRSD and FRLCD). Hundred percent food consumption for the Ex group was fixed, but instead, 20% of their energy intake in exercise was calculated, and time of daily exercise was determined. Finally, a combination of reduced food intake (10%) and exercise (10%) was applied in each group FRSDE and FRLCDE for 8 weeks.
The results showed that type 2 diabetes inductions had reduced glucose, insulin, and GLUT4 gene expression compared to the ND group ( = 0.001). However, there were significant differences in GLUT4 gene expression between groups after 8 weeks of intervention ( = 0.001). A post hoc least significant difference test show that compared to DC group, GLUT4 gene expression level of Ex, FRSDE, and FRLCDE groups was significantly increased 47% ( = 0.004), 60% ( = 0.001), and 65% ( = 0.001), respectively after 8 week of intervention, but it was not significant or with any other diabetic groups ( > 0.05). Moreover, glucose levels were significantly higher in the FRLCDE, FRLCD, FRSD, FRSDE, Ex groups compared with the DC group in the same period ( = 0.0.01).
It was concluded that FRSD and FRLCD combination in regular exercise was elevated of GLUT4 gene expression in type 2 diabetes. These results may help to develop new methods for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
本研究旨在比较食物限制和/或有氧运动导致的负能量平衡对糖尿病雄性大鼠血糖、胰岛素和葡萄糖转运蛋白4（GLUT4）水平的影响。
将56只10周龄雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为7组：非糖尿病（ND）组和6个糖尿病组。诱导2型糖尿病后，糖尿病组也进行了标记，即糖尿病对照组（DC）、运动（Ex）组、标准饮食食物限制（FRSD）组、低碳水化合物饮食食物限制（FRLCD）组、标准饮食食物限制联合运动（FRSDE）组和低碳水化合物饮食食物限制联合运动（FRLCDE）组。此外，为了诱导热量限制（CR），食物摄入量减少20%，给予FRSD和FRLCD两种食物限制。Ex组的食物消耗量固定为100%，但计算其运动中20%的能量摄入量，并确定每日运动时间。最后，在FRSDE组和FRLCDE组中，每组采用减少食物摄入量（10%）和运动（10%）相结合的方式持续8周。
结果显示，与ND组相比，2型糖尿病诱导使血糖、胰岛素和GLUT4基因表达降低（P = 0.001）。然而，干预8周后，各组之间GLUT4基因表达存在显著差异（P = 0.001）。事后最小显著差异检验表明，与DC组相比，干预8周后，Ex组、FRSDE组和FRLCDE组的GLUT4基因表达水平分别显著升高47%（P = 0.004）、60%（P = 0.001）和65%（P = 0.001），但与其他任何糖尿病组相比无显著差异（P > 0.05）。此外，同期FRLCDE组、FRLCD组、FRSD组、FRSDE组、Ex组的血糖水平显著高于DC组（P = 0.01）。
得出的结论是，规律运动中FRSD和FRLCD联合可提高2型糖尿病中GLUT4基因的表达。这些结果可能有助于开发治疗肥胖和2型糖尿病的新方法。
