Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019 Aug 21;2019:6435364. doi: 10.1155/2019/6435364. eCollection 2019.
Commercially available white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have an intense emission in the range of blue light, which has raised a range of public concerns about their potential risks as retinal hazards. Distinct from other visible light components, blue light is characterized by short wavelength, high energy, and strong penetration that can reach the retina with relatively little loss in damage potential. Mitochondria are abundant in retinal tissues, giving them relatively high access to blue light, and chromophores, which are enriched in the retina, have many mitochondria able to absorb blue light and induce photochemical effects. Therefore, excessive exposure of the retina to blue light tends to cause ROS accumulation and oxidative stress, which affect the structure and function of the retinal mitochondria and trigger mitochondria-involved death signaling pathways. In this review, we highlight the essential roles of mitochondria in blue light-induced photochemical damage and programmed cell death in the retina, indicate directions for future research and preventive targets in terms of the blue light hazard to the retina, and suggest applying LED devices in a rational way to prevent the blue light hazard.
市售的白光发光二极管（LED）在蓝光范围内具有强烈的发射，这引起了一系列关于其作为视网膜危害的潜在风险的公众关注。与其他可见光成分不同，蓝光的特点是短波长、高能量和强穿透力，在损害潜力相对较小的情况下可以到达视网膜。线粒体在视网膜组织中丰富，使它们相对容易接触到蓝光，而富含视网膜的发色团有许多线粒体能够吸收蓝光并引起光化学反应。因此，视网膜过度暴露于蓝光下容易导致 ROS 积累和氧化应激，这会影响视网膜线粒体的结构和功能，并引发涉及线粒体的细胞死亡信号通路。在这篇综述中，我们强调了线粒体在蓝光诱导的光化学损伤和视网膜程序性细胞死亡中的重要作用，指出了未来研究的方向和针对视网膜蓝光危害的预防靶点，并建议合理应用 LED 设备来预防蓝光危害。
