Widge Alik S, Heilbronner Sarah R, Hayden Benjamin Y
Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, 3001 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
Department of Neuroscience, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, and Center for Neuroengineering, University of Minnesota, 2021 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
F1000Res. 2019 Sep 27;8. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.20044.1. eCollection 2019.
Cognitive control, the ability to regulate one's cognition and actions on the basis of over-riding goals, is impaired in many psychiatric conditions. Although control requires the coordinated function of several prefrontal cortical regions, it has been challenging to determine how they work together, in part because doing so requires simultaneous recordings from multiple regions. Here, we provide a précis of cognitive control and describe the beneficial consequences of recent advances in neurosurgical practice that make large-scale prefrontal cortical network recordings possible in humans. Such recordings implicate inter-regional theta (5-8 Hz) local field potential (LFP) synchrony as a key element in cognitive control. Major open questions include how theta might influence other oscillations within these networks, the precise timing of information flow between these regions, and how perturbations such as brain stimulation might demonstrate the causal role of LFP phenomena. We propose that an increased focus on human electrophysiology is essential for an understanding of the neural basis of cognitive control.
认知控制，即基于首要目标调节自身认知与行为的能力，在许多精神疾病中都会受损。尽管认知控制需要多个前额叶皮质区域的协同作用，但确定它们如何协同工作一直具有挑战性，部分原因是这样做需要同时从多个区域进行记录。在此，我们概述了认知控制，并描述了神经外科实践中近期进展所带来的有益成果，这些进展使得在人类身上进行大规模前额叶皮质网络记录成为可能。此类记录表明区域间的theta（5 - 8赫兹）局部场电位（LFP）同步是认知控制的关键要素。主要的悬而未决问题包括theta如何影响这些网络中的其他振荡、这些区域之间信息流的精确时间，以及诸如脑刺激等扰动如何证明LFP现象的因果作用。我们认为，更多地关注人类电生理学对于理解认知控制的神经基础至关重要。
