Pearce N, Smith A H, Reif J S
Department of Community Health, Wellington School of Medicine, New Zealand.
Am J Ind Med. 1988;14(1):63-72. doi: 10.1002/ajim.4700140108.
This paper presents a review and further analysis of a series of New Zealand case-control studies which have found elevated risks for soft tissue sarcoma (STS), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in abattoir workers. The first published study involved 82 cases of STS (ICD 171) and found a relative risk of 2.8 (90% confidence interval 1.3-6.3). Interviews with an additional 51 cases reported here revealed a relative risk of 1.6 (90% confidence interval 0.9-3.0). Two further studies involved interviews with 100 cases of the category of NHL involving lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma (ICD 200) and 83 cases of other NHL (ICD 202). Relative risk estimates were 1.8 (90% confidence interval 1.1-2.9) and 1.7 (90% confidence interval 1.0-2.8), respectively. A study of 150 cases of AML (ICD 205.0) found a relative risk of 2.5 for abattoir workers (90% confidence interval 1.3-4.7). Finally, a United States cohort study found a standardized mortality ratio of 2.4 (90% confidence interval 0.8-5.4) for Hodgkin's disease (ICD 201) and 2.2 (90% confidence interval 0.8-4.5) for cancer of other lymphatic tissue (ICD 202, 203, 208) among abattoir workers. Abattoir workers are potentially exposed to oncogenic viruses, including bovine leukemia virus. Some workers may also be exposed to the animal carcinogen 2,4,6-trichlorophenol when treating pelts.
本文对一系列新西兰病例对照研究进行了综述及进一步分析，这些研究发现屠宰场工人患软组织肉瘤（STS）、非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）和急性髓细胞白血病（AML）的风险有所升高。首次发表的研究涉及82例STS（国际疾病分类代码171）病例，发现相对风险为2.8（90%置信区间1.3 - 6.3）。本文报道的对另外51例病例的访谈显示相对风险为1.6（90%置信区间0.9 - 3.0）。另外两项研究分别对100例涉及淋巴肉瘤和网状细胞肉瘤的NHL（国际疾病分类代码200）病例以及83例其他NHL（国际疾病分类代码202）病例进行了访谈。相对风险估计值分别为1.8（90%置信区间1.1 - 2.9）和1.7（90%置信区间1.0 - 2.8）。一项对150例AML（国际疾病分类代码205.0）病例的研究发现屠宰场工人的相对风险为2.5（90%置信区间1.3 - 4.7）。最后，一项美国队列研究发现屠宰场工人中霍奇金病（国际疾病分类代码201）的标准化死亡比为2.4（90%置信区间0.8 - 5.4），其他淋巴组织癌症（国际疾病分类代码202、203、208）的标准化死亡比为2.2（90%置信区间0.8 - 4.5）。屠宰场工人可能接触致癌病毒，包括牛白血病病毒。一些工人在处理兽皮时也可能接触动物致癌物2,4,6 - 三氯苯酚。
