Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C2, Canada.
Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON N6C 2V5, Canada.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Nov 2;16(21):4258. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16214258.
The food-related information environment, comprised of food and beverage advertising within one's surroundings, is a growing concern for adolescent health given that food marketing disproportionately targets adolescents. Despite strong public interest concerning the effects of food marketing on child health, there is limited evidence focused on outdoor food advertising in relation to teenage diets, food purchasing, and perceptions. Further, limited research has considered both the exposure to and influence of such advertisements. This study used a novel multi-method approach to identify and quantify the features of outdoor food and beverage advertisements that are most effective at drawing teenagers into retail food establishments. An environmental audit of outdoor advertisements and consultations with youth were used to: (1) identify teen-directed food marketing techniques; (2) validate and weigh the power of individual advertising elements; and, (3) develop a teen-informed coding tool to measure the power of food-related advertisements. Results indicate that marketing power is a function of the presence and size of teen-directed advertisement features, and the relative nature of each feature is an important consideration. This study offers a quantitative measurement tool for food environment research and urges policymakers to consider teen-directed marketing when creating healthy communities.
食品相关信息环境，包括周围的食品和饮料广告，是青少年健康的一个日益关注的问题，因为食品营销不成比例地针对青少年。尽管公众对食品营销对儿童健康的影响非常关注，但针对户外食品广告与青少年饮食、食品购买和认知的相关研究有限。此外，有限的研究还考虑了对这类广告的接触和影响。本研究采用了一种新颖的多方法方法，以确定和量化最能吸引青少年进入零售食品店的户外食品和饮料广告的特征。对户外广告进行环境审计，并与青少年进行磋商，以：（1）确定面向青少年的食品营销技巧；（2）验证和权衡各个广告元素的力量；以及，（3）制定一种以青少年为导向的编码工具来衡量与食品相关的广告的力量。结果表明，营销力量是面向青少年的广告特征的存在和大小的函数，每个特征的相对性质是一个重要的考虑因素。本研究提供了一种食品环境研究的定量测量工具，并敦促政策制定者在创建健康社区时考虑面向青少年的营销。
