Fiordelisi Maria Felicia, Cavaliere Carlo, Auletta Luigi, Basso Luca, Salvatore Marco
IRCCS SDN, Via Gianturco 113, 80143 Napoli, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2019 Nov 6;8(11):1883. doi: 10.3390/jcm8111883.
The translation of results from the preclinical to the clinical setting is often anything other than straightforward. Indeed, ideas and even very intriguing results obtained at all levels of preclinical research, i.e., in vitro, on animal models, or even in clinical trials, often require much effort to validate, and sometimes, even useful data are lost or are demonstrated to be inapplicable in the clinic. In vivo, small-animal, preclinical imaging uses almost the same technologies in terms of hardware and software settings as for human patients, and hence, might result in a more rapid translation. In this perspective, magnetic resonance imaging might be the most translatable technique, since only in rare cases does it require the use of contrast agents, and when not, sequences developed in the lab can be readily applied to patients, thanks to their non-invasiveness. The wide range of sequences can give much useful information on the anatomy and pathophysiology of oncologic lesions in different body districts. This review aims to underline the versatility of this imaging technique and its various approaches, reporting the latest preclinical studies on thyroid, breast, and prostate cancers, both on small laboratory animals and on human patients, according to our previous and ongoing research lines.
从临床前研究成果向临床应用的转化往往并非一帆风顺。实际上，在临床前研究的各个层面，即体外研究、动物模型研究乃至临床试验中所获得的想法甚至是非常引人关注的结果，往往都需要付出诸多努力去验证，而且有时即便有用的数据也会丢失，或者被证明在临床上并不适用。在体内小动物临床前成像中，就硬件和软件设置而言，所使用的技术与人类患者几乎相同，因此，可能会实现更快速的转化。从这个角度来看，磁共振成像可能是最具可转化性的技术，因为只有在极少数情况下才需要使用造影剂，而且在不需要造影剂时，实验室开发的序列由于其非侵入性，可直接应用于患者。广泛的序列能够提供关于不同身体部位肿瘤病变的解剖结构和病理生理学的大量有用信息。本综述旨在强调这种成像技术的多功能性及其各种方法，根据我们之前和正在进行的研究方向，报告关于甲状腺癌、乳腺癌和前列腺癌的最新临床前研究，涵盖小型实验动物和人类患者。
