Moreira José Manuel Afonso, Grilo Eugénia Nunes
Portuguese Institute of Oncology - Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal.
Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, São João de Deus School of Nursing, Dr Lopes Dias School of Health University of Évora, Castelo Branco, Portugal.
J Exerc Rehabil. 2019 Oct 28;15(5):715-722. doi: 10.12965/jer.1938444.222. eCollection 2019 Oct.
Accountability, involvement, empowerment of the patients and families/caregiver, as well as the incentive for health behaviors based on physical exercise and healthy living habits with the support of health professionals, are fundamental in meeting the demands of the current society. The main objective of this report is to describe the process of developing skills in rehabilitation nursing that was possible in the context of the final stage in which an intervention program in the area of cardiac rehabilitation was designed, implemented and evaluated. In this quantitative study with exploratory characteristics, it was used the collection of observable and quantifiable data, from patients submitted to coronary artery bypass grafting. During the study, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was applied-being verified the normal distribution-and Student -test, which aimed at comparing outcomes at the beginning and end of the program. When 6-min walk test was applied, there was an optimization of functional capacity (=0.05), can be proved by the fact that all the patients had statistically significant improvements in the time-walk relationship. Furthermore, the quality of life in those who participated in the program was moderate in the preoperative period with 53.09%, and at the end a significant improvement was observed with 75.02%. Cardiac rehabilitation is fundamental in the patient submitted to coronary artery bypass grafting, taking into account the educational, physical exercise, and quality of life dimensions. Given the prevalence of risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease, differentiated intervention in rehabilitation nursing becomes essential in the training of patients for self-care.
在医疗专业人员的支持下，患者及其家属/护理人员的责任感、参与度、自主权，以及基于体育锻炼和健康生活习惯的健康行为激励措施，对于满足当前社会的需求至关重要。本报告的主要目的是描述在心脏康复领域设计、实施和评估干预项目的最后阶段，康复护理技能培养的过程。在这项具有探索性特征的定量研究中，收集了接受冠状动脉搭桥手术患者的可观察和可量化数据。在研究过程中，应用了柯尔莫哥洛夫-斯米尔诺夫检验（验证正态分布）和学生 t 检验，旨在比较项目开始和结束时的结果。应用6分钟步行试验时，功能能力得到了优化（P = 0.05），这可以通过所有患者在步行时间关系上有统计学显著改善这一事实得到证明。此外，参与该项目的患者术前生活质量中等，为53.09%，而在项目结束时观察到显著改善，为75.02%。考虑到教育、体育锻炼和生活质量等方面，心脏康复对于接受冠状动脉搭桥手术的患者至关重要。鉴于与心血管疾病相关的危险因素的普遍性，在康复护理中进行差异化干预对于患者自我护理培训变得至关重要。
