National Research Council, Institute of Food Sciences, 83100 Avellino, Italy.
National Research Council, Institute of Food Sciences, 83100 Avellino, Italy.
Biochem Pharmacol. 2020 Mar;173:113719. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113719. Epub 2019 Nov 21.
Aging became a priority in medicine due to the rapid increase of elderly population and age-related diseases in the Western countries. Nine hallmarks have been identified based on their alteration during aging and their capacity to increase longevity. The pathways and the molecular mechanisms to improve lifespan and healthspan are controlled by behavioral, pharmacologic and dietary factors, which remain largely unknown. Among them, naturally occurring compounds, such as polyphenols, are considered potential antiaging agents, because of their ability to modulate some of the evolutionarily conserved hallmarks of aging, including oxidative damage, inflammation, cell senescence, and autophagy. Initially, these compounds gained researchers' attention due to their ability to extend the lifespan of simple model organisms. More recently, some of them have been proposed as senolytic agents to protect against age-related disorders, such as cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. The intent of this review is to present the most validated molecular mechanisms regulating ageing and longevity and critically analyze how selected polyphenols, namely resveratrol, quercetin, curcumin and catechins, can interfere with these mechanisms.
由于西方国家老年人口和与年龄相关疾病的迅速增加，衰老成为医学的重点。基于衰老过程中发生的改变及其延长寿命的能力，已经确定了 9 个衰老标志。改善寿命和健康寿命的途径和分子机制受行为、药物和饮食因素的控制，但这些因素在很大程度上仍不清楚。其中，多酚等天然存在的化合物被认为是潜在的抗衰老剂，因为它们能够调节一些进化上保守的衰老标志，包括氧化损伤、炎症、细胞衰老和自噬。最初，这些化合物因其延长简单模式生物寿命的能力而引起了研究人员的注意。最近，其中一些被提议作为衰老细胞清除剂，以预防与年龄相关的疾病，如癌症、心血管疾病和神经退行性疾病。本综述的目的是介绍最有效的调节衰老和长寿的分子机制，并批判性地分析选定的多酚，如白藜芦醇、槲皮素、姜黄素和儿茶素，如何干扰这些机制。
