Werner Siemens-Lehrstuhl für Synthetische Biotechnologie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany.
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2020 Jan;412(2):449-462. doi: 10.1007/s00216-019-02254-7. Epub 2019 Dec 4.
In the last decades, microbial oils have been extensively investigated as a renewable platform for biofuel and oleochemical production. Offering a potent alternative to plant-based oils, oleaginous microorganisms have been the target of ongoing metabolic engineering aimed at increasing growth and lipid yields, in addition to specialty fatty acids. Discovery proteomics is an attractive tool for elucidating lipogenesis and identifying metabolic bottlenecks, feedback regulation, and competing biosynthetic pathways. One prominent microbial oil producer is Cutaneotrichosporon oleaginosus, due to its broad feedstock catabolism and high lipid yield. However, this yeast has a recalcitrant cell wall and high cell lipid content, which complicates efficient and unbiased protein extraction for downstream proteomic analysis. Optimization efforts of protein sample preparation from C. oleaginosus in the present study encompasses the comparison of 8 lysis methods, 13 extraction buffers, and 17 purification methods with respect to protein abundance, proteome coverage, applicability, and physiochemical properties (pI, MW, hydrophobicity in addition to COG, and GO analysis). The optimized protocol presented in this work entails a one-step extraction method utilizing an optimal lysis method (liquid homogenization), which is augmented with a superior extraction buffer (50 mM Tris, 8/2 M Urea/Thiourea, and 1% C7BzO), followed by either of 2 advantageous purification methods (hexane/ethanol or TCA/acetone), depending on subsequent applications and target studies. This work presents a significant step forward towards implementation of efficient C. oleaginosus proteome mining for the identification of potential targets for genetic optimization of this yeast to improve lipogenesis and production of specialty lipids. Graphical abstract.
在过去的几十年中,微生物油脂作为生物燃料和油脂化学品生产的可再生平台得到了广泛的研究。与植物油脂相比,油脂微生物具有很大的优势,因此一直是正在进行的代谢工程的目标,其目的是除了增加特殊脂肪酸外,还提高生长和油脂产量。发现蛋白质组学是阐明脂生成并确定代谢瓶颈、反馈调节和竞争生物合成途径的有效工具。一种突出的微生物油脂生产菌是贪油脂丝孢酵母(Cutaneotrichosporon oleaginosus),因为它具有广泛的原料代谢和高油脂产量。然而,这种酵母具有顽固的细胞壁和高细胞油脂含量,这使得高效和无偏的蛋白质提取变得复杂,从而无法进行下游蛋白质组学分析。本研究对从贪油脂丝孢酵母中提取蛋白质的样品制备进行了优化,比较了 8 种裂解方法、13 种提取缓冲液和 17 种纯化方法,考察了它们的蛋白质丰度、蛋白质组覆盖率、适用性和物理化学性质(pI、MW、疏水性以及 COG 和 GO 分析)。本研究中提出的优化方案包括一种一步提取方法,该方法利用了最佳的裂解方法(液体匀浆),并辅以更好的提取缓冲液(50mM Tris、8/2M 脲/硫脲和 1% C7BzO),然后根据后续应用和目标研究选择 2 种有利的纯化方法(正己烷/乙醇或 TCA/丙酮)。这项工作朝着高效的贪油脂丝孢酵母蛋白质组挖掘迈出了重要的一步,可用于鉴定该酵母的遗传优化的潜在目标,以提高脂生成和特殊油脂的生产。