New York Institute of Technology, 16 West 61st Street, New York, NY, 10023, USA.
Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2020 Mar;48(3):331-341. doi: 10.1007/s10802-019-00599-2.
The present study examines direct and indirect associations between perceptions of parenting and adolescent adjustment. We focus on self-esteem as an intervening variable. Participants included 446 girls and 471 boys ages 14 to 17 (M = 15.64) at the outset. A community sample of high school students was tracked for 3 consecutive years, completing annual surveys describing perceptions of parenting (i.e., psychological control and support), self-esteem, and adjustment (i.e., internalizing symptoms and externalizing symptoms). Longitudinal bidirectional associations emerged between adolescent perceptions of parenting (psychological control and support) and adolescent adjustment (externalizing and internalizing symptoms). Full longitudinal mediation analyses confirmed the hypothesized indirect links from perceived parenting to adolescent internalizing symptoms through adolescent self-esteem. High psychological control and low connectedness were associated with subsequent decreases in self-esteem, which, in turn, were associated with later increases in internalizing symptoms. Psychological control and connectedness also directly (but not indirectly) predicted changes in adolescent externalizing symptoms. Perceived psychological control and a lack of relatedness undercut self-confidence and undermine feelings of positive self-regard, which can eventually widen into more serious manifestations of psychological distress.
本研究考察了父母教养观念与青少年适应之间的直接和间接关系。我们关注自尊作为中介变量。参与者包括 446 名女孩和 471 名 14 至 17 岁（M=15.64）的青少年。一个社区的高中生样本被跟踪了 3 年，每年完成一次调查，描述他们对父母教养的看法（即心理控制和支持）、自尊和适应（即内化症状和外化症状）。青少年对父母教养（心理控制和支持）和青少年适应（外化和内化症状）的纵向双向关联出现了。全纵向中介分析证实了从感知到的父母教养到青少年内化症状的假设间接联系是通过青少年自尊实现的。高心理控制和低连接性与自尊的随后下降有关，而自尊的下降又与内化症状的随后增加有关。心理控制和连接性也直接（而非间接）预测了青少年外化症状的变化。感知到的心理控制和缺乏关联性削弱了自信心，破坏了积极的自我形象感，最终可能会扩大为更严重的心理困扰表现。
