University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, Groningen, The Netherlands.
University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2020 Jan 2;84(1). doi: 10.1128/MMBR.00032-19. Print 2020 Feb 19.
is an oral pathogen involved in the widespread disease periodontitis. In recent years, however, this bacterium has been implicated in the etiology of another common disorder, the autoimmune disease rheumatoid arthritis. Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis were known to correlate for decades, but only recently a possible molecular connection underlying this association has been unveiled. possesses an enzyme that citrullinates certain host proteins and, potentially, elicits autoimmune antibodies against such citrullinated proteins. These autoantibodies are highly specific for rheumatoid arthritis and have been purported both as a symptom and a potential cause of the disease. The citrullinating enzyme and other major virulence factors of , including some that were implicated in the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis, are targeted to the host tissue as secreted or outer-membrane-bound proteins. These targeting events play pivotal roles in the interactions between the pathogen and its human host. Accordingly, the overall protein sorting and secretion events in are of prime relevance for understanding its full disease-causing potential and for developing preventive and therapeutic approaches. The aim of this review is therefore to offer a comprehensive overview of the subcellular and extracellular localization of all proteins in three reference strains and four clinical isolates of , as well as the mechanisms employed to reach these destinations.
牙龈卟啉单胞菌是一种参与广泛疾病牙周炎的口腔病原体。然而，近年来，这种细菌已被牵连到另一种常见疾病——自身免疫性疾病类风湿关节炎的病因中。几十年来，牙周炎和类风湿关节炎一直被认为是相关的，但直到最近，这种关联的潜在分子联系才被揭示出来。牙龈卟啉单胞菌拥有一种酶，可以使某些宿主蛋白瓜氨酸化，并可能引发针对这些瓜氨酸化蛋白的自身抗体。这些自身抗体对类风湿关节炎具有高度特异性，被认为既是疾病的症状，也是疾病的潜在原因。这种瓜氨酸化酶和其他主要的毒力因子，包括一些被牵连到类风湿关节炎病因中的因子，被靶向宿主组织，作为分泌或外膜结合蛋白。这些靶向事件在病原体与其人类宿主的相互作用中起着关键作用。因此，全面了解 中的整体蛋白分拣和分泌事件对于理解其全部致病潜力以及开发预防和治疗方法至关重要。因此，本综述的目的是全面概述三种参考菌株和四种临床分离株中所有蛋白的亚细胞和细胞外定位，以及达到这些目的地所采用的机制。
