Akhtar Naseem, Singh Varsha, Yusuf Mohammad, Khan Riaz A
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy,Buraydah Colleges, PO Box 31717, Qassim 51418, Saudi Arabia.
Manav Rachna International University (MRIU) and Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Study (MRIIRS), Faridabad, HR 121 001, India.
Biomed Tech (Berl). 2020 May 26;65(3):243-272. doi: 10.1515/bmt-2019-0019.
Pay-load deliveries across the skin barrier to the systemic circulation have been one of the most challenging delivery options. Necessitated requirements of the skin and facilitated skin layer cross-over delivery attempts have resulted in development of different non-invasive, non-oral methods, devices and systems which have been standardized, concurrently used and are in continuous upgrade and improvements. Iontophoresis, electroporation, sonophoresis, magnetophoresis, dermal patches, nanocarriers, needled and needle-less shots, and injectors are among some of the methods of transdermal delivery. The current review covers the current state of the art, merits and shortcomings of the systems, devices and transdermal delivery patches, including drugs' and other payloads' passage facilitation techniques, permeation and absorption feasibility studies, as well as physicochemical properties affecting the delivery through different transdermal modes along with examples of drugs, vaccines, genes and other payloads.
将药物有效载荷透过皮肤屏障递送至体循环一直是最具挑战性的给药方式之一。基于皮肤的必要条件以及促进跨皮肤层递送的尝试，已开发出不同的非侵入性、非口服方法、装置和系统，这些方法、装置和系统已实现标准化，可同时使用，并且在不断升级和改进。离子电渗法、电穿孔法、超声透入法、磁透法、皮肤贴片、纳米载体、有针和无针注射以及注射器等都是一些经皮给药的方法。本综述涵盖了当前的技术水平、系统、装置和透皮给药贴片的优缺点，包括药物及其他有效载荷的促渗技术、渗透和吸收可行性研究，以及影响通过不同透皮模式递送的物理化学性质，并列举了药物、疫苗、基因和其他有效载荷的实例。
