Department of Preventive Medicine.
Department of Preventive Medicine and Department of Psychology.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2020 Mar;34(2):303-307. doi: 10.1037/adb0000548. Epub 2020 Jan 20.
Experimental evidence suggests that females (vs. males) may be more sensitive to and derive greater reinforcement from the sensory aspects of combustible cigarette smoking (e.g., flavor, taste). However, it is unknown if there are similar sex differences in the appeal of flavored e-cigarettes. Young adult male ( = 65) and female ( = 35) e-cigarette users (mean age = 25.4; 53% current smokers) attended 1 laboratory session in which they self-administered standardized e-cigarette doses according to a Flavor (fruit vs. tobacco vs. menthol) × Nicotine (6 mg/mL vs. 0 mg/mL) × Voltage (3.3 V vs. 4.3 V) within-participant fully crossed factorial design. Following each trial, participants completed ratings of appeal (mean of liking, disliking [reverse scored], and willingness-to-use-again ratings). Sex was tested as a between-subjects moderator of the effects of flavor on appeal. There was a significant interaction between sex and flavor for e-cigarette appeal ( < .001). In males, fruit-flavored e-cigarettes generated greater appeal than menthol and tobacco ( < .001). In females, both fruit- and menthol-flavored e-cigarettes generated greater appeal than tobacco ( < .001), but there was no significant difference between fruit- and menthol-flavored e-cigarettes ( = .40). The findings of this study suggest that males prefer fruit-flavored e-cigarettes, and females prefer both menthol- and fruit-flavored e-cigarettes. The impact of regulatory policies targeting e-cigarette flavors in the population may vary by sex. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
实验证据表明，女性（与男性相比）可能对可燃香烟的感官方面（例如，味道、口感）更为敏感，并从中获得更大的强化。然而，目前尚不清楚在调味电子烟的吸引力方面是否存在类似的性别差异。本研究招募了 100 名年轻成年电子烟使用者（男性 65 名，女性 35 名；平均年龄 25.4 岁；53%为当前吸烟者），他们参加了 1 次实验室会议，根据口味（水果味、烟草味、薄荷味）× 尼古丁（6 mg/mL 或 0 mg/mL）× 电压（3.3 V 或 4.3 V）的因素内完全交叉设计，自行吸食标准化电子烟剂量。在每次试验后，参与者完成吸引力评分（喜好、不喜欢[反向评分]和再次使用意愿的平均值）。性别被测试为口味对吸引力影响的被试间调节变量。电子烟吸引力存在性别和口味之间的显著交互作用（ <.001）。在男性中，水果味电子烟的吸引力大于薄荷味和烟草味（ <.001）。在女性中，水果味和薄荷味电子烟的吸引力均大于烟草味（ <.001），但水果味和薄荷味电子烟之间没有显著差异（ =.40）。本研究的结果表明，男性更喜欢水果味电子烟，而女性更喜欢薄荷味和水果味电子烟。针对电子烟口味的监管政策在人群中的影响可能因性别而异。
