Dept. of Nutrition and Health, Federal Univ. of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil.
Dept. of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
J Food Sci. 2020 Feb;85(2):226-239. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.15003. Epub 2020 Jan 23.
The aim of this review was to compile evidence and understand chia seed effects on unbalanced diet animal studies and the molecular mechanisms on metabolic biomarker modulation. A systematic review was conducted in electronic databases, following PRISMA recommendations. Risk of bias and quality was assessed using SYRCLE toll and ARRIVE guidelines. Seventeen articles were included. Throughout the studies, chia's main effects are associated with AMPK modulation: improvement of glucose and insulin tolerance, lipogenesis, antioxidant activity, and inflammation. Details about randomization and allocation concealment were insufficient, as well as information about blind protocols. Sample size, chia dose, and number of animals evaluated for each parameter were found to be lacking information among the studies. Based on experimental study data, chia has bioactive potential, and its daily consumption may reduce the risk of chronic disease development, mainly due to the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic effects of the seed. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The consumption of chia seeds may improve lipid profile, insulin and glucose tolerance, and reduce risk of cardiovascular disease. Whole seed or its oil presents positive effect, but the effects of chia oil can act faster than the seed.
本综述的目的是汇集证据并了解奇亚籽对不平衡饮食动物研究的影响，以及对代谢生物标志物调节的分子机制。按照 PRISMA 建议，在电子数据库中进行了系统综述。使用 SYRCLE 工具和 ARRIVE 指南评估了偏倚风险和质量。共纳入了 17 篇文章。在研究过程中，奇亚籽的主要作用与 AMPK 调节有关：改善葡萄糖和胰岛素耐量、脂肪生成、抗氧化活性和炎症。关于随机化和分配隐藏的细节以及盲法方案的信息不足。研究中缺乏关于样本量、奇亚籽剂量以及每个参数评估的动物数量的信息。基于实验研究数据，奇亚籽具有生物活性潜力，其日常食用可能降低慢性疾病发展的风险，主要归因于种子的抗氧化、抗炎、降血糖和降血脂作用。实际应用：食用奇亚籽可以改善血脂谱、胰岛素和葡萄糖耐量，并降低心血管疾病的风险。整粒种子或其油具有积极的作用，但奇亚籽油的作用可能比种子更快。
