Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.
Brain and Behaviour Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Old St Michael's Building, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2020 Jun 8;100:109873. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109873. Epub 2020 Jan 22.
Drug abuse and brain disorders related to drug comsumption are public health problems with harmful individual and social consequences. The identification of therapeutic targets and precise pharmacological treatments to these neuropsychiatric conditions associated with drug abuse are urgently needed. Understanding the link between neurobiological mechanisms and behavior is a key aspect of elucidating drug abuse-related targets. Due to various molecular, biochemical, pharmacological, and physiological features, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has been considered a suitable vertebrate for modeling complex processes involved in drug abuse responses. In this review, we discuss how the zebrafish has been successfully used for modeling neurobehavioral phenotypes related to drug abuse and review the effects of opioids, cannabinoids, alcohol, nicotine, and psychedelic drugs on the central nervous system (CNS). Moreover, we summarize recent advances in zebrafish-based studies and outline potential advantages and limitations of the existing zebrafish models to explore the neurochemical bases of drug abuse and addiction. Finally, we discuss how the use of zebrafish models may present fruitful approaches to provide valuable clinically translatable data.
药物滥用和与药物消费相关的大脑障碍是具有个体和社会危害性的公共卫生问题。迫切需要确定与药物滥用相关的神经精神疾病的治疗靶点和精确的药理学治疗方法。了解神经生物学机制与行为之间的联系是阐明与药物滥用相关靶点的关键方面。由于各种分子、生化、药理学和生理学特征，斑马鱼（Danio rerio）被认为是一种合适的脊椎动物，可用于模拟药物滥用反应中涉及的复杂过程。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了斑马鱼如何成功地用于模拟与药物滥用相关的神经行为表型，并综述了阿片类药物、大麻素、酒精、尼古丁和迷幻药物对中枢神经系统（CNS）的影响。此外，我们总结了基于斑马鱼的研究的最新进展，并概述了现有斑马鱼模型的潜在优势和局限性，以探索药物滥用和成瘾的神经化学基础。最后，我们讨论了使用斑马鱼模型如何为提供有价值的临床转化数据提供有成果的方法。
