Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, Department of Agro-Industry, School of Agricultural Technology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
Drug and Cosmetics Excellence Center, School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
PLoS One. 2020 Jan 29;15(1):e0227979. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227979. eCollection 2020.
Techno-biofunctional characteristics of nanoemulsion and (nano)emulgel loaded with mangostin extracts were elucidated. Crude mangostins from mangosteen peels recovered by virgin coconut oil (VCO), mixed VCO and propylene glycol (PG), and pure PG were used. The extracts were loaded in the dispersed phase in the presence of mixed surfactants (Tween20/Span20) with a varying hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) from 10.2 to 15.1. Results showed that globular and uniformly distributed droplets of the nanoemulsion were observed. The small particle sizes (typically 18-62 nm) with the zeta potential of -39 to -54.5 mV were obtained when mixed emulsifiers with HLB values of 12.6 and 15.1 were employed. With HLB values of 12.6 and 15.1, nanoemulsions loaded with mangostin extracts prepared with mixed VCO-PG and pure PG-based extracts showed approximately a 2 to 3-fold lower droplet size diameter when compared with the VCO-based extract. For the stability test, all nanoemulsions were stable over three freeze-thaw cycles with some changes in pH, zeta potential, and droplet size. The DPPH● scavenging activity, H2O2 scavenging activity, reducing power and antibacterial activities (E. coli and S. aureus) of the nanoemulsions were greater than their corresponding bulk extracts. Nanoemulgels produced by embedding the nanoemulsions in a hydrogel matrix was homogeneous and creamy yellow-white in appearance. The nanoemulgels had a higher mangostin release (87-92%) than their normal emulgels (74-78%). Therefore, this study presented the feasibility of nanoemulsions and nanoemulgels loaded with mangostin extracts as a promising delivery system for bioactive polyphenol in food supplements, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
阐明了载有山竹提取物的纳米乳液和（纳米）乳凝胶的技术生物功能特性。使用了从山竹果皮中用初榨椰子油 (VCO)、混合 VCO 和丙二醇 (PG) 以及纯 PG 回收的粗山竹提取物。在存在混合表面活性剂（吐温 20/司盘 20）的情况下，将提取物加载到分散相中，其亲水-亲油平衡（HLB）值从 10.2 到 15.1 不等。结果表明，观察到纳米乳液呈球形且均匀分布的液滴。当使用 HLB 值为 12.6 和 15.1 的混合乳化剂时，获得了粒径较小（通常为 18-62nm）且 zeta 电位为-39 至-54.5mV 的纳米乳液。当使用 HLB 值为 12.6 和 15.1 时，与基于 VCO 的提取物相比，用混合 VCO-PG 和纯 PG 基提取物制备的载有山竹提取物的纳米乳液的粒径约小 2 至 3 倍。对于稳定性测试，所有纳米乳液在经过三个冻融循环后均稳定，其 pH 值、zeta 电位和粒径略有变化。纳米乳液的 DPPH●清除活性、H2O2 清除活性、还原能力和抗菌活性（大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌）均大于其相应的块状提取物。通过将纳米乳液嵌入水凝胶基质中制备的纳米乳凝胶是均匀的，呈乳黄色。纳米乳凝胶的山竹素释放量（87-92%）高于其普通乳凝胶（74-78%）。因此，本研究表明载有山竹提取物的纳米乳液和纳米乳凝胶作为食品补充剂、制药和化妆品中生物活性多酚的有前途的递药系统具有可行性。
