UCD Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education and Innovation in Health Systems, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
Health Expect. 2020 Apr;23(2):358-367. doi: 10.1111/hex.13002. Epub 2020 Jan 30.
Co-design involves stakeholders as design partners to ensure a better fit to user needs. Many benefits of involving stakeholders in design processes have been proposed; however, few studies have evaluated participants' experience of co-design in the development of educational interventions. As part of a larger study, health-care professionals, researchers and patients co-designed a collective leadership intervention for health-care teams. This study evaluated their experiences of the co-design process.
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with individuals (n = 10) who took part in the co-design workshops. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.
Four key themes were identified from the data: (a) Managing expectations in an open-ended process; (b) Establishing a positive team climate; (c) Focusing on frustrations-challenging but informative; and (d) Achieving a genuine co-design partnership.
The development of a positive team climate is essential to the co-design process. Organizers should focus on building strong working relationships from the beginning to enable open discussion. Organizers of co-design should be conscious of establishing and maintaining a genuine partnership where participants are involved as equal partners and co-creators. This can be done through the continuous use of feedback to allow participants to influence the workshop directions, and through limiting researcher domination. Lastly, co-design can be daunting, but organizers can positively impact participants' experience by acknowledging the emergent nature of the process in order to reduce participant apprehension, thereby limiting the barriers to participation.
共同设计涉及利益相关者作为设计伙伴，以确保更好地满足用户需求。许多将利益相关者纳入设计过程的好处已经被提出；然而，很少有研究评估过参与者在教育干预措施的开发中共同设计的体验。作为一项更大研究的一部分，医疗保健专业人员、研究人员和患者共同设计了一项针对医疗团队的集体领导力干预措施。本研究评估了他们对共同设计过程的体验。
对参与共同设计研讨会的个人（n=10）进行了半结构化访谈。访谈进行了录音、逐字转录，并进行了主题分析。
从数据中确定了四个关键主题：（a）在开放式过程中管理期望；（b）建立积极的团队氛围；（c）关注挫折——具有挑战性但信息丰富；以及（d）实现真正的共同设计伙伴关系。
积极的团队氛围的发展对于共同设计过程至关重要。组织者应从一开始就专注于建立强大的工作关系，以促进开放的讨论。共同设计的组织者应该意识到建立和维持真正的伙伴关系，使参与者作为平等的伙伴和共同创造者参与其中。这可以通过持续使用反馈来实现，允许参与者影响研讨会的方向，并通过限制研究人员的主导地位来实现。最后，共同设计可能令人生畏，但组织者可以通过承认过程的突发性来积极影响参与者的体验，从而减少参与者的担忧，从而限制参与的障碍。
