Gharaibeh Mohammad H, Shatnawi Shoroq Q
Department of Basic Veterinary Medical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110 Jordan.
Vet World. 2019 Nov;12(11):1735-1746. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.1735-1746. Epub 2019 Nov 8.
Colistin, also known as polymyxin E, is an antimicrobial agent that is effective against a variety of Gram-negative bacilli, especially the Enterobacteriaceae family. Recently, the wide dissemination of colistin-resistance has brought strong attention to the scientific society because of its importance as the last resort for the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections and its possible horizontal transmission. The mobilized colistin resistance () gene was identified as the gene responsible for unique colistin resistance. Indeed, despite many studies that have revealed a pan variation in the existence of this gene, not only for the genes main group but also for its many subgroups, the problem is growing and worsening day after day. In this regard, this review paper is set to review the updated data that has been published up to the end of 2019 third quarter, especially when related to colistin resistance by the genes. It will include the present status of colistin resistance worldwide, the gene dissemination in different sectors, the discovery of the variants, and the global plan to deal with the threat of antimicrobial resistance. In line with global awareness, and to stop antibiotic misuse and overuse, especially in agricultural animals, the study will further discuss in detail the latest alternatives to colistin use in animals, which may contribute to the elimination of inappropriate antibiotic use and to the help in preventing infections. This review will advance our understanding of colistin resistance, while supporting the efforts toward better stewardship, for the proper usage of antimicrobial drugs in humans, animals, and in the environment.
黏菌素，也被称为多黏菌素E，是一种抗菌剂，对多种革兰氏阴性杆菌有效，尤其是肠杆菌科细菌。最近，黏菌素耐药性的广泛传播引起了科学界的高度关注，因为它作为治疗耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌科感染的最后手段具有重要意义，且可能存在水平传播。可移动黏菌素耐药性（）基因被确定为导致独特黏菌素耐药性的基因。事实上，尽管许多研究揭示了该基因存在广泛变异，不仅在其主要群体中，而且在其许多亚群中，但问题日益严重。在这方面，本综述旨在回顾截至2019年第三季度末已发表的最新数据，特别是与该基因导致的黏菌素耐药性相关的数据。它将包括全球黏菌素耐药性的现状、该基因在不同领域的传播、该基因变体的发现以及应对抗菌药物耐药性威胁的全球计划。为了与全球意识保持一致，并停止抗生素的滥用和过度使用，特别是在农业动物中，该研究将进一步详细讨论动物中黏菌素使用的最新替代方法，这可能有助于消除不适当的抗生素使用并有助于预防感染。本综述将增进我们对黏菌素耐药性的理解，同时支持为更好地管理抗菌药物在人类、动物和环境中的合理使用所做的努力。
