Department of Biology, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, 10244, Iraq.
Branch of Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Mustansiriyah, Baghdad, 10244, Iraq.
Mol Biol Rep. 2021 Mar;48(3):2897-2907. doi: 10.1007/s11033-021-06307-y. Epub 2021 Apr 10.
At the present time, the polymyxin antibiotic colistin is considered a last-line treatment option for severe human infections caused by multi-drug and carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Lately, the vast spread of colistin resistance among bacteria has got great attention worldwide due to its significant role as the last refuge in treating diseases caused by the resistant infectious agents. Therefore, the discovery of plasmid-mediated mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes raised global public health concerns as they can spread by horizontal transfer and have chances of global dissemination. To date, ten slightly different variants of the mcr-1 gene (mcr-1 to mcr-10) have been identified in different bacteria isolated from animals, foods, farms, humans, and the environment. Therefore, the issue of mcr spread is growing and worsening day after day. In this backdrop, the current article presents an overview of mcr variants, their spread, and the resistance mechanisms they confer. Hence, this paper will advance our knowledge about colistin resistance while supporting the efforts toward better stewardship and proper usage of antimicrobials.
目前，多黏菌素类抗生素黏菌素被认为是治疗多重耐药和碳青霉烯类耐药革兰氏阴性菌引起的严重人类感染的最后一线治疗选择。最近，由于其在治疗耐药感染因子引起的疾病方面作为最后避难所的重要作用，细菌中广泛存在的黏菌素耐药性引起了全球的关注。因此，质粒介导的可移动黏菌素耐药性（mcr）基因的发现引起了全球公共卫生的关注，因为它们可以通过水平转移传播，并有机会在全球传播。迄今为止，已经在从动物、食品、农场、人类和环境中分离出的不同细菌中鉴定出了十种略有不同的 mcr-1 基因（mcr-1 到 mcr-10）变体。因此，mcr 传播的问题日益严重。在此背景下，本文概述了 mcr 变体、它们的传播以及它们赋予的耐药机制。因此，本文将增进我们对黏菌素耐药性的认识，同时支持更好地管理和正确使用抗生素的努力。
