Ferry Benjamin, DeCastro Alexei, Bragg Scott
Trident/MUSC Family Medicine Residency Program, Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 9228 Medical Plaza Drive, Charleston, SC 29406, USA.
Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, College of Medicine, 9228 Medical Plaza Drive, Charleston, SC 29406, USA.
Prim Care. 2020 Mar;47(1):49-64. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2019.10.003. Epub 2019 Oct 16.
Athletes of various skill levels commonly use many different types of medications, often at rates higher than the general population. Common medication classes used in athletes include analgesics such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and acetaminophen, inhalers for asthma and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, antihypertensives, antibiotics, and insulin. Prescribers must be aware of the unique considerations for each of these medications when using them in patients participating in physical activity. The safety, efficacy, impact on athletic performance, and regulatory restrictions of the most common medications used in athletes are discussed in this article.
不同技能水平的运动员通常会使用多种不同类型的药物，其用药频率往往高于普通人群。运动员常用的药物类别包括非甾体抗炎药和对乙酰氨基酚等镇痛药、用于治疗哮喘和运动诱发支气管收缩的吸入器、抗高血压药、抗生素以及胰岛素。在为参与体育活动的患者使用这些药物时，开处方者必须了解每种药物的特殊注意事项。本文将讨论运动员使用的最常见药物的安全性、有效性、对运动表现的影响以及监管限制。
