Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
Cells. 2020 Feb 1;9(2):342. doi: 10.3390/cells9020342.
For the conversion of immunologically cold tumors, characterized by a low T cell infiltration, into hot tumors, it is necessary to enrich T cells in the tumor area. One possibility is the use of magnetic fields to direct T cells into the tumor. For this purpose, primary T cells that were freshly isolated from human whole blood were loaded with citrate-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION). Cell toxicity and particle uptake were investigated by flow cytometry and atomic emission spectroscopy. The optimum loading of the T cells without any major effect on their viability was achieved with a particle concentration of 75 µg Fe/mL and a loading period of 24 h. The cellular content of SPION was sufficient to attract these T cells with a magnet which was monitored by live-cell imaging. The functionality of the T cells was only slightly influenced by SPION, as demonstrated by in vitro stimulation assays. The proliferation rate as well as the expression of co-stimulatory and inhibitory surface molecules (programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3), T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain containing 3 (Tim-3), C-C motif chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7), CD25, CD45RO, CD69) was investigated and found to be unchanged. Our results presented here demonstrate the feasibility of loading primary human T lymphocytes with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles without influencing their viability and functionality while achieving sufficient magnetizability for magnetically controlled targeting. Thus, the results provide a strong fundament for the transfer to tumor models and ultimately for new immunotherapeutic approaches for cancer treatment.
为了将免疫原性冷肿瘤(其特征是 T 细胞浸润低)转化为热肿瘤,有必要在肿瘤区域富集 T 细胞。一种可能性是利用磁场将 T 细胞引导至肿瘤。为此,使用新鲜分离自人全血的原代 T 细胞负载柠檬酸涂层超顺磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒(SPION)。通过流式细胞术和原子发射光谱法研究了细胞毒性和颗粒摄取。在不显著影响其活力的情况下,实现了 T 细胞的最佳负载,其最佳负载条件为:粒子浓度为 75μgFe/mL,负载时间为 24 小时。SPION 的细胞含量足以通过活细胞成像监测的磁铁吸引这些 T 细胞。SPION 对 T 细胞的功能仅有轻微影响,如体外刺激实验所示。增殖率以及共刺激和抑制表面分子(程序性细胞死亡 1(PD-1)、淋巴细胞激活基因 3(LAG-3)、T 细胞免疫球蛋白和粘蛋白结构域包含 3(Tim-3)、C-C 基序趋化因子受体 7(CCR7)、CD25、CD45RO、CD69)的表达进行了研究,发现其未发生改变。我们在此展示的结果表明,负载超顺磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒的原代人 T 淋巴细胞而不影响其活力和功能是可行的,同时获得了足够的磁可变性以实现磁性控制靶向。因此,这些结果为向肿瘤模型以及最终为癌症治疗的新免疫治疗方法提供了坚实的基础。
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