Ho Lucius Kang Hua, Tong Valerie Jia Wei, Syn Nicholas, Nagarajan Niranjan, Tham Elizabeth Huiwen, Tay Stacey K, Shorey Shefaly, Tambyah Paul Anantharajah, Law Evelyn Chung Ning
1Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
2Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Singapore, Singapore.
Gut Pathog. 2020 Feb 3;12:6. doi: 10.1186/s13099-020-0346-1. eCollection 2020.
As more animal studies start to disentangle pathways linking the gut microbial ecosystem and neurobehavioral traits, human studies have grown rapidly. Many have since investigated the bidirectional communication between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system, specifically on the effects of microbial composition on the brain and development.
Our review at the initial stage aimed to evaluate literature on gut microbial alterations in pediatric neurobehavioral conditions. We searched five literature databases (Embase, PubMed, PsychInfo, Scopus, and Medline) and found 4489 published work. As the mechanisms linking gut microbiota to these conditions are divergent, the scope of this review was narrowed to focus on describing gut dysbiosis in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
Among the final 26 articles, there was a lack of consistency in the reported gut microbiome changes across ASD studies, except for distinguishable patterns, within limits, for , Firmicutes at the phylum level, Clostridiales clusters including , and species.
These results were inadequate to confirm a global microbiome change in children with ASD and causality could not be inferred to explain the etiology of the behaviors associated with ASD. Mechanistic studies are needed to elucidate the specific role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of ASD.
随着越来越多的动物研究开始梳理肠道微生物生态系统与神经行为特征之间的联系途径，人类研究也迅速增加。此后，许多研究调查了胃肠道与中枢神经系统之间的双向通信，特别是微生物组成对大脑和发育的影响。
我们在初始阶段的综述旨在评估有关儿科神经行为疾病中肠道微生物改变的文献。我们检索了五个文献数据库（Embase、PubMed、PsychInfo、Scopus和Medline），共找到4489篇已发表的研究。由于肠道微生物群与这些疾病之间的联系机制各不相同，本综述的范围缩小到专注于描述自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童的肠道菌群失调。
在最终的26篇文章中，除了在门水平上的厚壁菌门、梭菌目簇（包括、和种）有一定的可区分模式外，不同ASD研究中报道的肠道微生物组变化缺乏一致性。
这些结果不足以证实ASD儿童存在整体微生物组变化，也无法推断因果关系来解释与ASD相关行为的病因。需要进行机制研究以阐明肠道微生物组在ASD发病机制中的具体作用。
