PhD Program in Industrial Biotechnology, Universidade Positivo (UP), Av. Pedro Prof. Viriato Parigot de Souza, 5300, CEP 81280-330, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
PhD Program in Environmental Management, Universidade Positivo (UP), Av. Pedro Prof. Viriato Parigot de Souza, 5300, CEP 81280-330, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Sci Rep. 2020 Feb 6;10(1):2060. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-59029-9.
Petroleum is an important energy source. Due to its intensive exploration, accidents resulting in oil spills on soil are frequent, which creates consequences to ecosystems and human health. Rhizodegradation is an efficient technique that promotes the decontamination of polluted environments through the selection and use of rhizosphere microorganisms from phytoremediation plants. The aim of this study was to isolate, identify and characterize bacteria capable of degrading petroleum from the rhizosphere of Panicum aquaticum Poir., a plant that grows in petroleum contaminated soils. Three bacteria were isolated and characterized at the morphological (Gram staining), molecular (16S rRNA gene sequence analysis) and biochemical level. These bacteria were identified as new strains of Bacillus thurigiensis, Bacillus pumilus and Rhodococcus hoagii, which have been reported as potential bioremediators in the literature. All three bacteria were able to use petroleum hydrocarbons as the sole carbon source during in vitro degradation assays. Gas chromatography analysis of these assays indicated reductions of petroleum hydrocarbons between 23% and 96% within 48 h. Among the isolated bacteria, Rhodococcus hoagii presented the highest efficiency of petroleum consumption, reaching 87% of degradation after only 24 h of cultivation, which corresponds to a higher and faster degradation than previously reported, confirming the potential use of Rhodococcus hoagii for petroleum biodegradation.
石油是一种重要的能源。由于其勘探强度大，导致土壤中石油泄漏事故频繁发生，对生态系统和人类健康造成了影响。根际降解是一种有效的技术，通过选择和利用植物修复植物根际中的微生物，促进受污染环境的净化。本研究的目的是从生长在受石油污染土壤中的植物水稗（Panicum aquaticum Poir.）的根际中分离、鉴定和表征能够降解石油的细菌。从形态学（革兰氏染色）、分子学（16S rRNA 基因序列分析）和生物化学水平对三株细菌进行了分离和鉴定。这三株细菌被鉴定为新的苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bacillus thurigiensis）、短小芽孢杆菌（Bacillus pumilus）和红球菌（Rhodococcus hoagii）菌株，这些菌株在文献中被报道为潜在的生物修复剂。这三株细菌在体外降解实验中均能够以石油烃类作为唯一碳源。这些实验的气相色谱分析表明，在 48 小时内石油烃类的降解率在 23%至 96%之间。在分离出的细菌中，红球菌的石油消耗效率最高，仅在培养 24 小时后就达到了 87%的降解率，这比以前的报道更高、更快，证实了红球菌在石油生物降解中的潜在应用。
