Bueno Paula C P, Lopes Norberto P
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP-USP), Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Cafe' s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto/SP, Brazil.
Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology (MPI-MP), Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
ACS Omega. 2020 Jan 24;5(4):1752-1763. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03668. eCollection 2020 Feb 4.
Legume species are an important source of protein and other nutrients for human and livestock consumption, playing a central role in food security. Besides, legumes benefit agriculture because of their ability to establish symbiotic interactions with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, providing nitrogen for subsequent crops, which is very much appreciated for sustainable agricultural practices. However, like other food crops, legumes are highly vulnerable to climate variations, water stresses being the main constraint that negatively affects both crop quality and productivity. Because of this, the development of strategies to improve the tolerance of such cultivars against water stresses, as well as the study of effective approaches to monitor these improvements, have gained special attention during the last years. Among these strategies, metabolomics has been considered one of the most promising approaches for the detection and/or quantification of primary and secondary stress-responsive metabolites in abiotic stresses. In plant science, many research groups have been using metabolomics to evaluate the success of genetic modifications by the analysis of chemical markers that can be altered in breeding programs. In addition, metabolomics is a powerful tool for the evaluation and selection of wild specimens with desirable traits that can be used in the development of improved new cultivars. Therefore, the aim of the present paper is to review the recent progress made in the field of metabolomics and plant breeding, especially concerning the adaptive responses of legume species to abiotic stresses as well as to point out the key primary and secondary metabolites involved in the adaptation and sensing mechanisms.
豆科植物是人类和牲畜蛋白质及其他营养物质的重要来源，在粮食安全方面发挥着核心作用。此外，豆科植物因其能够与固氮细菌建立共生关系，为后续作物提供氮素，这对可持续农业实践非常有益，因而对农业也有好处。然而，与其他粮食作物一样，豆科植物极易受到气候变化的影响，水分胁迫是对作物质量和生产力产生负面影响的主要制约因素。因此，在过去几年中，提高此类品种对水分胁迫耐受性的策略的开发以及监测这些改进的有效方法的研究受到了特别关注。在这些策略中，代谢组学被认为是检测和/或定量非生物胁迫中初级和次级胁迫响应代谢物最有前景的方法之一。在植物科学领域，许多研究小组一直在使用代谢组学通过分析育种计划中可能改变的化学标记来评估基因改造的成功与否。此外，代谢组学是评估和选择具有理想性状的野生样本的有力工具，这些样本可用于培育改良新品种。因此，本文旨在综述代谢组学与植物育种领域的最新进展，特别是关于豆科植物对非生物胁迫的适应性反应，并指出参与适应和传感机制的关键初级和次级代谢物。
