Bourély Clémence, Coeffic Thomas, Caillon Jocelyne, Thibaut Sonia, Cazeau Géraldine, Jouy Eric, Jarrige Nathalie, Chauvin Claire, Madec Jean-Yves, Haenni Marisa, Leblond Agnès, Gay Emilie
École Nationale des Services Vétérinaires, VetAgro Sup, 69280 Marcy-l'Étoile, France.
Université de Lyon, ANSES, Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Épidémiologie et appui à la surveillance, 31 avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2020 Jun 1;75(6):1525-1529. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkaa022.
To characterize and compare resistance trends in clinical Escherichia coli isolates from humans, food-producing animals (poultry, cattle and swine) and pets (dogs and cats).
Antibiogram results collected between January 2014 and December 2017 by MedQual [the French surveillance network for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria isolated from the community] and RESAPATH (the French surveillance network for AMR in bacteria from diseased animals) were analysed, focusing on resistance to antibiotics of common interest to human and veterinary medicine. Resistance dynamics were investigated using generalized additive models.
In total, 743 637 antibiograms from humans, 48 170 from food-producing animals and 7750 from pets were analysed. For each antibiotic investigated, the resistance proportions of isolates collected from humans were of the same order of magnitude as those from food-producing animals or pets. However, resistance trends in humans differed from those observed in pets and food-producing animals over the period studied. For example, resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones was almost always below 10% for both humans and animals. However, in contrast to the notable decreases in resistance observed in both food-producing animals and pets, resistance in humans decreased only slightly.
Despite several potential biases in the data, the resistance trends remain meaningful. The strength of the parallel is based on similar data collection in humans and animals and on a similar statistical methodology. Resistance dynamics seemed specific to each species, reflecting different antibiotic-use practices. These results advocate applying the efforts already being made to reduce antibiotic use to all sectors and all species, both in human and veterinary medicine.
对从人类、食用动物（家禽、牛和猪）及宠物（狗和猫）中分离出的临床大肠杆菌菌株的耐药性趋势进行特征描述和比较。
分析了MedQual（法国社区分离细菌抗菌药物耐药性监测网络）和RESAPATH（法国患病动物细菌抗菌药物耐药性监测网络）在2014年1月至2017年12月期间收集的抗菌谱结果，重点关注对人类和兽医学中常用抗生素的耐药性。使用广义相加模型研究耐药动态。
共分析了来自人类的743637份抗菌谱、来自食用动物的48170份抗菌谱和来自宠物的7750份抗菌谱。对于所研究的每种抗生素，从人类中分离出的菌株的耐药比例与从食用动物或宠物中分离出的菌株的耐药比例处于同一数量级。然而，在研究期间，人类的耐药趋势与在宠物和食用动物中观察到的趋势不同。例如，人类和动物对第三代头孢菌素和氟喹诺酮类药物的耐药率几乎总是低于10%。然而，与在食用动物和宠物中观察到的耐药性显著下降形成对比的是，人类的耐药性仅略有下降。
尽管数据存在一些潜在偏差，但耐药趋势仍然有意义。这种平行性的优势基于人类和动物相似的数据收集以及相似的统计方法。耐药动态似乎因物种而异，反映了不同的抗生素使用习惯。这些结果主张将已经在努力减少抗生素使用的措施应用于人类和兽医学的所有部门和所有物种。
