Institute of General Practice and Health Services Research, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University Munich; Clinic Bad Reichenhall, Center for Rehabilitation, Pneumology and Orthopedics, Bad Reichenhall; Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich.
Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2020;117(5):64-71. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2020.0064.
Asthma education (AE) is associated with reduced hospitalization and disability. We compared the effectiveness of an electronic AE program (eAEP) with a conventional face-to-face AE program (presence-based AEP; pAEP) for asthma knowledge (AK) with regard to self-management.
A randomized controlled pilot study was conducted in a pulmonary reha- bilitation clinic. AK was determined by means of the Asthma Knowledge Test (AKT). The change in AKT score within each group was calculated with a paired t-test. Group differences were estimated with adjusted linear regression models.
In the intervention group (n = 41), the AKT score increased from 41.57 (standard deviation 5.63) at baseline to 45.82 (3.84) after completion of the eAEP (p < 0.001), and again to 47.20 (3.78) after completion of the pAEP (p = 0.046). In the control group (n = 41), the score increased from 41.73 (4.74) at baseline to 45.72 (3.65) after completion of the pAEP (p < 0.001). There was no relevant differ- ence in knowledge gain between the eAEP and the pAEP group after completion of the corresponding educational sessions (p = 0.881). The AKT score was higher in the eAEP group after obligatory participation in pAEP than in the group that only completed the pAEP (p = 0.020).
An internet-based AEP could help to reduce the knowledge deficits of a large proportion of patients with asthma.
哮喘教育（AE）与减少住院和残疾有关。我们比较了电子哮喘教育计划（eAEP）与传统的面对面哮喘教育计划（基于存在的 AEP；pAEP）在自我管理方面对哮喘知识（AK）的有效性。
在肺康复诊所进行了一项随机对照试验。采用哮喘知识测试（AKT）来确定 AK。通过配对 t 检验计算每组中 AKT 评分的变化。使用调整后的线性回归模型来估计组间差异。
在干预组（n = 41）中，AKT 评分从基线时的 41.57（标准差 5.63）增加到 eAEP 完成后的 45.82（3.84）（p < 0.001），并在 pAEP 完成后再次增加到 47.20（3.78）（p = 0.046）。在对照组（n = 41）中，评分从基线时的 41.73（4.74）增加到 pAEP 完成后的 45.72（3.65）（p < 0.001）。在完成相应的教育课程后，eAEP 和 pAEP 组之间的知识增益没有明显差异（p = 0.881）。在强制参加 pAEP 后，eAEP 组的 AKT 评分高于仅完成 pAEP 组的评分（p = 0.020）。
基于互联网的 AEP 可以帮助减少大多数哮喘患者的知识缺陷。
