French Armed Biomedical Research Institute, Unit of Physiology of Exercise and Activities in Extreme Conditions, Brétigny sur Orge, France.
LBEPS, Univ Evry, IRBA, Université Paris Saclay, Evry, France.
Int J Clin Pract. 2020 Jun;74(6):e13490. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.13490. Epub 2020 Mar 22.
Ageing is intrinsically associated with a progressive decline in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) as measured by peak oxygen uptake (VO ). Improving CRF through physical activity contribute to better and healthy ageing. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a potent method of improving CRF among seniors, yet comparisons between this type of training and traditional endurance training (ET) are equivocal especially among older adults.
To analyse the effects of HIIT and ET on the VO of seniors aged 65 years or older when compared with controls and also when the two types of training were compared with one another.
A comprehensive, systematic database search for manuscripts was performed in Embase, Medline, PubMed Central, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Web of Science using key words. Two reviewers independently assessed interventional studies for potential inclusion. Fifteen randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included totalling 480 seniors aged 65 years or over. Across the trials, no high risk of bias was measured.
In pooled analysis of the RCTs, the VO was significantly higher after ET sessions compared with controls (mean difference-MD = 1.35; 95% confidence interval-CI: 0.73-1.96). Furthermore, VO was found significantly higher not only when compared HIIT with controls (MD = 4.61; 95% CI: 3.21-6.01), but also when compared HIIT with ET (MD = 3.76; 95% CI: 2.96-4.56).
High-intensity interval training and ET both elicit large improvements in the VO of older adults aged 65 or over. When compared with ET, the gain in VO was greater following HIIT. Nevertheless, further RCTs are therefore needed to confirm our results in senior's population.
随着峰值摄氧量（VO ）的测量，心肺功能（CRF）随着年龄的增长而逐渐下降。通过体育活动提高 CRF 有助于更好和健康的衰老。高强度间歇训练（HIIT）是提高老年人 CRF 的有效方法，但这种训练与传统耐力训练（ET）的比较结果尚无定论，尤其是在老年人中。
分析 HIIT 和 ET 对 65 岁或以上老年人 VO 的影响，与对照组进行比较，同时比较两种训练方法。
使用关键词在 Embase、Medline、PubMed Central、ScienceDirect、Scopus 和 Web of Science 中进行全面的系统数据库搜索。两位审查员独立评估干预研究的潜在纳入情况。共纳入 15 项随机对照试验（RCTs），共计 480 名 65 岁或以上的老年人。在整个试验中，未测量到高偏倚风险。
在 RCTs 的荟萃分析中，与对照组相比，ET 后的 VO 显著更高（平均差异-MD=1.35；95%置信区间-CI：0.73-1.96）。此外，与对照组相比，不仅 HIIT 的 VO 显著更高（MD=4.61；95% CI：3.21-6.01），而且 HIIT 与 ET 相比，VO 也显著更高（MD=3.76；95% CI：2.96-4.56）。
高强度间歇训练和 ET 都能显著提高 65 岁或以上老年人的 VO。与 ET 相比，HIIT 后 VO 的提高更大。然而，因此需要进一步的 RCT 来证实我们在老年人人群中的结果。
