Department of Microbiology, National Institute for Biomedical Research, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Department of Clinical Biology, Microbiology Unit, University Hospital of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020 Feb 21;14(2):e0007875. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007875. eCollection 2020 Feb.
Clinical observations and animal studies have suggested that Salmonella intestinal carriage is promoted by concurrent Schistosoma infection. The present study assessed association of Salmonella intestinal carriage and Schistosoma mansoni infection among individuals in a Schistosoma endemic area in sub-Saharan Africa.
From November 2015 to March 2016, a cross-sectional community-wide study was conducted in Kifua II, a rural village in Kongo Central Province, Democratic Republic of Congo. Stool samples were collected and analyzed for Salmonella intestinal carriage (culture) and Schistosoma mansoni infection (Kato Katz microscopy with determination of egg load). Salmonella Typhimurium and Enteritidis isolates were assessed for genetic similarity with blood culture isolates obtained during the same period in a neighboring hospital using multi-locus variable-numbers tandem repeat analysis (MLVA).
A total of 1,108 participants were included (median age 15 years (IQR: 7-36), male-to-female ratio of 1:1.1). The overall prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni infection and non-typhoidal Salmonella carriage was 51.2% (95% CI: 48.2-54.1) and 3.4% (95% CI: 2.5-4.7) respectively, with 2.2% (95% CI: 1.5-3.2) of participants coinfected. The proportion of Salmonella carriage tended to be higher among Schistosoma mansoni infected participants compared to non-infected participants but this difference did not reach statistical significance (4.2% versus 2.6%, p = 0.132). However, the proportion of Salmonella carriage among participants with a heavy Schistosoma mansoni infection was significantly higher compared to those with a light and moderate infection (8.7% versus 3.2%, p = 0.012) and compared to Schistosoma mansoni negatives (8.7% versus 2.6%, p = 0.002). The 38 Salmonella isolates comprised five and four Enteritidis and Typhimurium serotypes respectively, the majority of them had MLVA types identical or similar to those observed among blood culture isolates.
Salmonella intestinal carriage was associated with a heavy intensity of Schistosoma mansoni infection. Further studies are needed to address causation.
临床观察和动物研究表明，沙门氏菌肠道携带与同时感染血吸虫有关。本研究评估了撒哈拉以南非洲血吸虫流行地区个体中沙门氏菌肠道携带和曼氏血吸虫感染之间的关联。
2015 年 11 月至 2016 年 3 月，在刚果民主共和国刚果中省基富阿二世的一个农村村庄进行了一项横断面社区范围的研究。采集粪便样本进行沙门氏菌肠道携带（培养）和曼氏血吸虫感染（Kato Katz 显微镜检查并确定卵负荷）分析。使用多位点可变数串联重复分析（MLVA）评估沙门氏菌 Typhimurium 和 Enteritidis 分离株与同期在附近医院获得的血培养分离株的遗传相似性。
共纳入 1108 名参与者（中位年龄 15 岁（IQR：7-36），男女性别比为 1:1.1）。曼氏血吸虫感染和非伤寒沙门氏菌携带的总体患病率分别为 51.2%（95%CI：48.2-54.1）和 3.4%（95%CI：2.5-4.7），2.2%（95%CI：1.5-3.2）的参与者合并感染。与未感染参与者相比，感染曼氏血吸虫的参与者中沙门氏菌携带的比例较高，但差异无统计学意义（4.2%比 2.6%，p=0.132）。然而，与轻度和中度感染相比，重度曼氏血吸虫感染参与者中沙门氏菌携带的比例明显更高（8.7%比 3.2%，p=0.012），与曼氏血吸虫阴性参与者相比也更高（8.7%比 2.6%，p=0.002）。38 株沙门氏菌分离株包括 5 种和 4 种肠炎沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌血清型，其中大多数与血培养分离株观察到的 MLVA 类型相同或相似。
沙门氏菌肠道携带与曼氏血吸虫感染的严重程度有关。需要进一步的研究来确定因果关系。
