Garcia Zozaya J L, Padilla Viloria M, Castro A
University of Carabobo, Valencia, Venezuela.
Clin Physiol Biochem. 1988;6(6):293-300.
Thirty mildly hypertensive patients and 27 patients with severe essential hypertension and high levels of aldosterone were selected for a study of the relationship between plasma aldosterone and magnesium in essential arterial hypertension; levels of calcium and potassium were also studied. Thirty-six individuals were used as a control group. Our findings indicate that as plasma aldosterone levels increase, serum magnesium levels decrease correspondingly: in mild hypertensives with low levels of plasma aldosterone p less than 0.05 and in the most severely hypertensive patients with high levels of plasma aldosterone p less than 0.001. In this latter group we also found an inverse correlation between serum magnesium and systolic arterial pressure (p less than 0.001) and diastolic pressure (p less than 0.01). In these patients a significant increase in urinary excretion of magnesium was found, with levels 3 times higher than in the control group. These findings suggest a close relationship between changes in plasma aldosterone and magnesium. Possibly the aldosterone contributes through this mechanism to maintaining the hypertensive state in essential arterial hypertension. This action is exercised directly through the kidney, leading to a small but constant urinary loss of magnesium. This in turn leads to a chronic depletion of magnesium in hypertensives who have high levels of plasma renin activity and highly elevated plasma aldosterone.
选取30例轻度高血压患者以及27例重度原发性高血压且醛固酮水平高的患者，研究原发性动脉高血压患者血浆醛固酮与镁之间的关系；同时也研究了钙和钾的水平。36名个体作为对照组。我们的研究结果表明，随着血浆醛固酮水平升高，血清镁水平相应降低：在血浆醛固酮水平低的轻度高血压患者中（p<0.05），以及在血浆醛固酮水平高的重度高血压患者中（p<0.001）。在后者这组患者中，我们还发现血清镁与收缩压（p<0.001）和舒张压（p<0.01）呈负相关。在这些患者中，发现尿镁排泄显著增加，其水平比对照组高3倍。这些发现提示血浆醛固酮变化与镁之间存在密切关系。醛固酮可能通过这种机制在原发性动脉高血压中维持高血压状态。这种作用直接通过肾脏发挥，导致镁持续少量经尿丢失。这反过来又导致血浆肾素活性高且血浆醛固酮高度升高的高血压患者出现慢性镁缺乏。
