College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 21;21(4):1480. doi: 10.3390/ijms21041480.
Environmental stresses such as salinity, drought, heat, freezing, heavy metal and even pathogen infections seriously threaten the growth and yield of important cereal crops including wheat and barley. There is growing evidence indicating that plants employ sophisticated epigenetic mechanisms to fine-tune their responses to environmental stresses. Here, we provide an overview of recent developments in understanding the epigenetic processes and elements-such as DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNAs-involved in plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses in wheat and barley. Potentials of exploiting epigenetic variation for the improvement of wheat and barley are discussed.
环境胁迫，如盐度、干旱、热、冻害、重金属，甚至病原体感染，严重威胁着小麦和大麦等重要谷类作物的生长和产量。越来越多的证据表明，植物利用复杂的表观遗传机制来精细调节它们对环境胁迫的反应。在这里，我们提供了一个关于在理解表观遗传过程和元素方面的最新进展的概述，这些元素包括小麦和大麦中参与非生物和生物胁迫反应的 DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰、染色质重塑和非编码 RNA。还讨论了利用表观遗传变异来改良小麦和大麦的潜力。
